STUDY ON THE POSSIBILITY OF MANUFACTURING PARTICLEBOARD WITH PAPER SLUDGE AND WOOD CHIPS
asghar
tarmian
Associate Proffesor
author
Kazem
Doosthosseini
wood and paper science and technology department, of natural Resources faculty,
university of Tehran. IRAN
author
Seeyed Ahmad
Mirshokraie
Professor , Chemistry Department, Payame noor Univrsity.
author
Mohammadmehdi
Faezi poor
wood and paper science and technology department, of natural Resources faculty,
university of Tehran. IRAN
author
text
article
2004
per
Beneficial utilization of large quantity of paper sludge from Mazandaran Wood & Paper Industry in particleboard manufacturing has been studied. Single-layer and three-layer particleboard (paper sludge as a surface layer) were produced. Urea-formaldehyde resin at two levels of 10 and 12 percent and paper sludge content at 4 levels, 0, 15, 30 and 45 percent were studied. Other factors such as press temperature (160oC), press time (6minutes), mat moisture (12%), board density (0.75g/cm3) and etc were constant factors. Mechanical and physical properties including bending strength, shear strength, thickness swelling and water absorption after 2 and 24 hours immersion were evaluated. The results indicated that application of paper sludge reduced mechanical properties and improved thickness swelling .The particleboard produced with 15%paper sludge had the least water absorption, but by using more paper sludge, water absorption increased. Single-layer particleboard had higher bending strength. However, there was no significant different in shear strength between single and three layer particleboard. Three-layer particleboard showed lower thickness swelling.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0913
19
v.
شماره 2
no.
2004
137
158
https://ijwpr.areeo.ac.ir/article_117565_8bd8b7c706f144a70346984eccfdbe05.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijwpr.2004.117565
UTILIZATION OF GRAPE PRUNINGS RESIDUES IN PRODUCTION OF PARTICLEBOARD
Abolfazl
Kargarfard
Wood and Forest Products Science Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and
Rangelands, Tehran, Iran,
author
Amir
Nourbakhsh
Wood and forest products division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2004
per
The purpose of this study was to examine the utilization of grape lignocellulosic pruning as a raw material in particleboard manufacturing. Experimental boards were produced with using grape wood particles, resin content (UF resin) at 10 and 12% and press time at 5 and 6 minutes. 18 samples boards were produced and tested.The modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of all boards modified significantly with increasing resin content. However MOR and MOE increased with increasing press time; but MOR and MOE of boards at 5 and 6 minutes of press time had not significantly different.The results of this study showed that resin content and press time had a linear relationship with internal bonding (IB) of boards. The highest IB amount achieved under condition of resin content at 12% and press time at 6 minutes. Nevertheless IB of all boards were higher than DIN standard .The suitable IB of boards caused that thickness swelling (T.S) of boards after 2 and 24 hours soaking in water were as good as standard level. However the minimum T.S of boards observed in boards with 12% resin content.The results of this study showed that grape pruning residues can be utilized as a suitable lignocellulosic raw material in particleboard industries. Also in order to achieve better mechanical and mechanical properties of boards, using poplar wood with grape residues special with 10% resin cotent consumption could be recommende
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0913
19
v.
شماره 2
no.
2004
159
174
https://ijwpr.areeo.ac.ir/article_117566_c9aa9e27417607a5b1ca299e65774f82.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijwpr.2004.117566
VARIATION IN MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BEECH (FAGUS ORIENTALIS LIPSKY) WOOD GROWN ON SANGDEH FORESTS (MAZANDERAN), IRAN
Fardad
Golbabaei
Wood and Forest Products Science Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands,
Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) P.O. Box 13185-116, Tehran, Iran
author
Amir
Nourbakhsh
Wood and forest products division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
author
Abbas
Fakhryan roghani
MSc., Wood and Paper Science Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands , Iran,
author
Shahrokh
Falahdoost
Wood and Forest Products Science Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands,
Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) P.O. Box 13185-116, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2004
per
Beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky L.) is one of the most important broadleaf species in the Caspian Forests of Iran. The wood of Beech is highly appreciated in domestic wood industries especially furniture industry. In this study which is a part of the extensive surveying project of the main wood engineering properties of Iranian woods, the natural variations of strength and related properties of three trees of about 75 years old from Sangdeh Forests in Mazandran province were investigated.The properties were determined from tests on small clear specimens in the green and dry conditions following the ASTM Standard. The mechanical and physical properties studied include: stress at elastic limits, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and modulus of elasticity in static bending; shear parallel to grain, maximum crushing strength, fiber stress at proportional limit and modulus of elasticity in compression parallel to grain; compression perpendicular to grain and specific gravity.The results of statistical analysis showed that the mechanical strength of the wood was found to be affected by percentage of moisture conten of wood specimens, height of sample tree and to some extend by geographical; direction.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0913
19
v.
شماره 2
no.
2004
175
192
https://ijwpr.areeo.ac.ir/article_117567_439e0b8a942e7badd89d534a9c973e5a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijwpr.2004.117567
RESISTANCE OF SOME IRANIAN HARDWOODS AGAINST MARINE BORERS IN MAHSHAHR (PERSIAN GULF), BANDAR TORKMAN AND NOSHAHR (CASPIAN SEA) COASTS
Ali
Reza nezhad
Wood and forest products division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
author
Habib alah
Arab tabar firoz jaei
Wood and forest products division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2004
per
7 hard wood species including: Beech (Fagus orientalis), Oak (Quercus castaneafolia), Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), Alder (Alnus subcordata), Oriental plane (Platanus orientalis), Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Babul (Acacia arabica) were treated with Creosote and Celcure. The dimensions of samples were 20 x 7.5 x 2 cm. Both preservative treated and untreated samples were placed in seawater in Mahshahr (Persian Gulf), Bandar Torkman and Noshahr (Caspian Sea) coasts according to IRGIWP-4432 (1985). In Mahshahr after 8, 17, 23, 28, 35 and 49 months, in Bandar Torkman after 8, 14, 22, 29, and 39 months and in Noshahr after 8, 18, 25, 31 and 40 months, the samples were inspected according with recommendation of IRG/WP-4432 (1985) and ASTM D-2481. All the control samples (untreated wood) of Beech, Oak, Hornbeam and Alder over 22 months, Oriental plane over 25 months and Babul over 20 months, were seriously attacked. Untreated Eucalyptus and all the treated samples with celcure and creosote were sound. All the treated and untreated samples in Caspian Sea were sound. It is concluded that there is no marine borers in south coasts of Caspian Sea.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0913
19
v.
شماره 2
no.
2004
193
210
https://ijwpr.areeo.ac.ir/article_117568_06bb59bdc4d09c79b0dd048f509a8fb6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijwpr.2004.117568
THE EFFECT OF SPECIES AND LAYER THICKNESS ON LAMINATED VENEER LUMBER (L. V. L.) MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Amir
Nourbakhsh
Wood and forest products division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
author
Taghi
Tabarsa
Pulp and Paper Department, Faculty of Wood & Paper Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
author
Abolfazl
Kargarfard
Wood and Forest Products Science Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and
Rangelands, Tehran, Iran,
author
Fardad
Golbabaei
Wood and Forest Products Science Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands,
Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) P.O. Box 13185-116, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2004
per
Laminated veneer lumber (L. V. L) manufactured from Maple and Alder wood is investigated. Three levels of layer thicknesses of 2, 3 and 4mm. were investigated. Bending strength (MOR and MOE), CompressionThe results of this investigation indicated that laminated wood strength of samples produced from Alder layers are superior to Maple. Statistical analysis of the results showed that the effect of wood species on strength properties was significantly different at 99% level. Layer thicknesses also showed significant effect on strength increasing layer thicknesses from 2 to 4 mm. caused a reduction on MOE and improved impact properties.The results of this investigation also showed that Alder layers at 4 mm. Is superior to Maple layers in impact properties.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0913
19
v.
شماره 2
no.
2004
211
224
https://ijwpr.areeo.ac.ir/article_117569_7a4e1014d8d926d02557ad0c28a39ae2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijwpr.2004.117569
INVESTIGATION ON POSSIBILITY OF MDF PRODUCTION FROM REED
masoudreza
habibi
Wood and Paper Science Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands , Iran,
author
Saeed
Mahdavi
Ph.D., Wood and Paper Science Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands , Iran,
author
Hossein
Hosseinkhani
Wood Science & Forest Products Research Division
Research Institute of Forests & Rangelands Tehran, Iran
author
Sayed javad
Sepideh dam
Wood and forest products division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2004
per
In this study, MDF was produced from Reed (Phragmites australis). Reeds are collected from Hor-Alazym area. The treatments conditions for fiber preparing were as following:- Steaming temperature 170, 180oC(Steaming pressure 7,9 bar).- Steaming time 5, 10, 15 minutes.The other production variables were constant.The anatomical properties of Reed such as Fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen cell diameter, and cell wall thickness were measured. LID ratio of Reed fiber was measured 73.69. The physical and mechanical properties of MDF were determined according to DIN standard. The measurements of bending properties and IB of MDF revealed that increasing steaming time and steaming temperature caused to decrease MOR, MOE, and IB.Also the results of MDF dimentional stabilities indicated that Thickness Swelling after 2 and 24 hours decreased upon increasing steaming time and steaming temperature. Degradation of hemicellulose chains may be the reason of decreasing Thickness Swelling.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0913
19
v.
شماره 2
no.
2004
225
242
https://ijwpr.areeo.ac.ir/article_117570_37d79fe73493e658ec78347161c979b9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijwpr.2004.117570
COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATION ON FIBER DIMENSIONS OF TRUNK AND BRANCH WOOD OF CARPINUS BETULUS L.
Saeed
Mahdavi
Ph.D., Wood and Paper Science Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands , Iran,
author
masoudreza
habibi
Wood and Paper Science Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands , Iran,
author
text
article
2004
per
Growing interest in wood and paper consumption in Iranian industries and forest utilization constraints call for alternative approaches on the exploitation trend. Lately, industrial countries consider utilization of small diameter trees and branches residual wood. European hornbeam with vast coverage among the other species in Iran can be an alternative to tree shortage of raw material for the sector. This study showed that the branch fiber dimensions have significantly differed compare to trunk.Average fiber length was measured as 1.76mm for breast height of three trunks and 1.43 mm for two branches samples. Fiber length increased from crown downward to the stump and also from pith to bark, but there was a significant negative correlation between the variations and tree height. Fiber length increased in trees of up to 30 years of age and decreased afterwards. There is no orderly pattern from tree base to the upper branches.Runkel and flexibility coefficients of branch were better than trunk despite of higher fiber dimensions in trunk.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0913
19
v.
شماره 2
no.
2004
243
254
https://ijwpr.areeo.ac.ir/article_117571_779d6f8a45e8c6efff201a94ffddb979.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijwpr.2004.117571
VARIATION IN MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HORNBEAM WOOD (CARPINUS BETULUS L.) GROWN AT DIFFERENT ELEVATION OF GOLESTAN FORESTS, IRAN
Fardad
Golbabaei
Wood and Forest Products Science Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands,
Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) P.O. Box 13185-116, Tehran, Iran
author
Amir
Nourbakhsh
Wood and forest products division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
author
Abbas
Fakhryan roghani
MSc., Wood and Paper Science Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands , Iran,
author
Shahrokh
Falahdoost
Wood and Forest Products Science Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands,
Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) P.O. Box 13185-116, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2004
per
In this study physical and mechanical properties of Hornbeam wood (Carpinus betulus L.) grown at two different elevations of Golestan Forests located in the north east of Caspian Sea were investigated based on the ASTM Standard.Selected trees were cut from two different elevations, at different heights in the trunk, at 4 different geographical directions of the trunk and also 2 different moisture contents.The results of statistical analysis showed that properties of Hornbeam wood from this region were influenced by elevations and to the lessees extend by geographical direction of wood specimens and tree heights.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
1735-0913
19
v.
شماره 2
no.
2004
259
287
https://ijwpr.areeo.ac.ir/article_117572_12fd566cf112f62298a25c11c7aa5a21.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijwpr.2004.117572