Majid Salehi; Mohammad Talaei poor; Habibollah Khademi Eslam; Behzad Bazyar
Abstract
The use of various pretreatments, including the torrefaction process, in order to increase the efficiency and optimize the consumption of fuel briquettes, have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. Therefore, in this research, torrefaction pretreatment at 180 ºC temperature was used to modify ...
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The use of various pretreatments, including the torrefaction process, in order to increase the efficiency and optimize the consumption of fuel briquettes, have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. Therefore, in this research, torrefaction pretreatment at 180 ºC temperature was used to modify bagasse biomass. In addition, lignin binding agent was used at levels of 2, 5 and 10%. Fuel briquettes weighing 30 grams were prepared using a manual briquetting machine. The physical, resistance and thermal characteristics of the resulting briquettes were investigated. The results showed that torrefaction pre-treatment by increasing the volumetric density of the resulting briquettes and increasing the amount of fixed carbon up to about 50% was able to increase the heating value of the briquettes up to about 10%, on the other hand, this process led to a decrease in the compressive strength of the resulting briquettes, which is used lignin as a binding agent could compensate a significant amount of this resistance drop. The results showed that the number of volatile substances of briquettes was reduced by 9% with torrefaction pre-treatment, which has a significant effect on reducing the pollution of these briquettes. In the study of the effect of lignin, it was also observed that with the increase in the consumption of lignin, the density and calorific value also increased. In general, the results of this research show that the use of lignin binding agent together with torrefaction pre-treatment can make possible the production of high-quality fuel briquettes from bagasse.
Mojtaba Asadi; Behzad Bazyar; Amir Hooman Hemmasi; Mohammad Talaeipour; Ismail Ghasemi
Abstract
AbstractThe paper aims to study differential, dynamic-mechanical and biodegradability analysis of polylactic acid/wood fiber (PLA) composites using three levels of nano-graphene (0.75, 1.5 and 3%). In order to mix the materials together and to make standard specimens, an internal mixer and pressure press ...
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AbstractThe paper aims to study differential, dynamic-mechanical and biodegradability analysis of polylactic acid/wood fiber (PLA) composites using three levels of nano-graphene (0.75, 1.5 and 3%). In order to mix the materials together and to make standard specimens, an internal mixer and pressure press were used. In the analysis of differential polishing calorimeter, the addition of fibers as well as nano-graphene had a positive effect on the glass transition temperature and the degree of crystallinity, which indicates a change from softness and flexibility to hardness and hardness. Dynamic-mechanical analysis has shown that the addition of wood fibers to pure polylactic acid can case an increase in the storage modulus of the composite and with the addition of nano-graphene to increasing composition, while the highest amount of storage modulus was related to polylactic acid composites / 30% of fibers and 30% of fibers. Results of tan δ peak showed that with the presence of wood fibers and nano-graphene, the temperature was transferred to a higher temperature and the limited movement of molecules due to the improvement of the fiber reaction in the PLA polymer. The results of biodegradability test also showed that the addition of fibers to pure PLA caused a significant increase in the weight loss of the composite. Additionally, nano-graphene to PLA composites decreases with the less weight in composites.
