Management and Economics wood
Meisam Mehri Charvadeh; Shademan Pourmousa; Ajang Tajdini; Abbas Tamjidi; Vahid reza ُSafdari
Abstract
Background and purpose: Cellulosic industry organizations try to establish appropriate strategies to perform the main production processes and provide services to customers by improving productivity and reducing costs. Environmental concerns, energy scarcity, depletion of natural resources, and increased ...
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Background and purpose: Cellulosic industry organizations try to establish appropriate strategies to perform the main production processes and provide services to customers by improving productivity and reducing costs. Environmental concerns, energy scarcity, depletion of natural resources, and increased competition among organizations have made the study of a sustainable supply chain cost-effective for market success. The purpose of this study is to identify effective indicators for a stable supply chain sustainability model in the cellulosic industry with multi-objective decision making methods.Research Method: The present study is an exploratory research in terms of orientation, applied and in terms of method, quantitative-qualitative, which has used the data theory strategy of the foundation. The data collection tool in the qualitative section aimed at identifying the components and sub-components of stable supply chain sustainability, in-depth and semi-structured interviews with purposive sampling method. In the quantitative part of the research, a researcher-made questionnaire was designed. The obtained data were used to measure variables and weight by Vickor and Shannon entropy methods.Results: Eleven main components and thirty sub-components were identified by qualitative studies for stable supply chain stability. By examining the relationships and ranking of indices using quantitative methods, green storage indices with a numerical value of 0.133 and continuous improvement with a numerical value of 0.134 were considered as the top components. According to the Vickor index, the components of green warehousing, quality improvement, economic stability, intra-organizational pressures, information technology capabilities, company commitment and strategy, logistics optimization, social values, institutional pressures, strategic supplier cooperation and environmental protection, respectively. Stable supply chain stability affects the cellulose industry.Conclusion : Due to the shortest distance to achieve sustainability in green warehousing and quality improvement, cellulose industry organizations in the country can use the results of this study to increase productivity and reduce organizational costs ......
Farzin Khasipour; Ajang Tajdini; Shademan Pourmousa; Mehran Roohnia; Vahid reza Safdari
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the production companies in the laminate flooring industry in terms of competitiveness using nonparametric tests. The statistical population of this research includes experts and specialists in two areas of competitiveness and structure ...
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The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the production companies in the laminate flooring industry in terms of competitiveness using nonparametric tests. The statistical population of this research includes experts and specialists in two areas of competitiveness and structure of the laminate flooring industry; managers in companies producing and importing this product and customers of laminate flooring. The sampling method was randomly classified. The Cochran formula was used to determine the sample size. In order to determine the effective indicators while studying the available sources and using the Porter model, as a basic model and after conducting the necessary studies and factor analysis, the conceptual model of the research was designed in form of three main criteria including environmental factors, intra-organizational factors and factors creating perceptual value as well as 9 sub-criteria. After conducting the necessary studies, preparing a researcher-made questionnaire and data factor analysis, the conceptual research model was designed and by conducting a field research and analyzing the results using student's t-test and Friedman test, the relationship between laminate flooring competitiveness with 3 criteria and 9 sub-criteria was examined. The reliability of the data was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method. The mean of all studied indices was evaluated as moderate based on the results of descriptive statistics. Based on the results of the t-test, environmental factors, intra-organizational factors and factors creating perceptual value have a more than average role on competitiveness. Also, based on Friedman test, prioritization of indicators was obtained respectively based on environmental factors, factors creating perceptual value and intra-organizational factors.
vahid reza Safdari; Milad Nasiri; Hamid Jodi; seid khalil Hosseini hashemi
Abstract
Wood chemical components are among the most important and effective factors in the fixation of water-borne preservatives in the wood. This research investigated the effect of wood extractive on fixation and leaching of “arsenic copper chromate“(ACC) preservative in beech (Fagus orientalis) ...
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Wood chemical components are among the most important and effective factors in the fixation of water-borne preservatives in the wood. This research investigated the effect of wood extractive on fixation and leaching of “arsenic copper chromate“(ACC) preservative in beech (Fagus orientalis) wood blocks. Three groups of wood blocks (control, as wood with extractive, wood pre-extracted with hot water and wood pre-extracted with ethanol acetone) were impregnated with 2% ACC and then were placed in an incubator for 0, 192, 384, 576, and 768 hours at 25 ºC and 75% humidity. After removal from the incubator, the blocks were extracted and the preservative solution of each block was analyzed. The Cr(VI) of the extracted preservative, as the indication of the fixed amount in wood was analyzed using UV spectroscopy and the Cu and Cr contents was measured by atomic absorption. The results showed that the effect of hot water-soluble extractive on fixation and leaching of ACC was significant (P<0.01). The lowest content of unfixed Cu and Cr components was detected from control samples which indicate that the extractive imparts positive effect on fixation. The percentage of unfixed ACC in control samples was significantly lower than in pre-extracted samples.
font�X e9���h��bidi-font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"B Lotus"; color:black;mso-bidi-language:FA'>ACC دو درصد (2%) اشباع و در زمانهای صفر، 192، 384، 576 و 768 ساعت در داخل انکوباتور تحت رطوبت 75% و دمای 25 درجه سانتیگراد قرار گرفتند تا در چوب تثبیت شوند. سپس از مواد حفاظتی هر یک از بلوکهای چوبی عصارهگیری و مقدار کروم شش ظرفیتی موجود در عصاره که مبین تثبیت ماده حفاظتی است از طریق دستگاه اسپکتروسکوپی (UV-V) و مقدار عناصر مس و کروم کلی موجود در عصاره که نشانگر مقدار مواد تثبیت نشده در چوب میباشد بهوسیله دستگاه جذب اتمی اندازهگیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که ماده استخراجی محلول در آب در تثبیت ماده حفاظتی ACCاثرهای مطلوب و معنیداری داشته است. بهطوریکه کمترین مقدار مس (Cu) و کروم کلی (Cr) در نمکهای حفاظتی عصارهگیری شده از نمونه چوبهای شاهد (واجد ماده استخراجی) مشاهده شد که مبین تثبیت بهتر مواد حفاظتی در این دسته از بلوکهای چوبی است (P<0.01). همچنین نتایج حاصل از آبشویی نمونه بلوکهای چوبی نشان داد که نمونههای شاهد (دارای ماده استخراجی) پس از آبشویی در مقایسه با نمونههای عاری از مواد استخراجی مقدار نمک کمتری را از دست داده است و تفاوت آنها از این لحاظ معنیدار بوده است (P<0.01).
Vahid reza ُSafdari; Nima Eskini; Aghang Tajedini; Valima Bayramzadeh
Abstract
Abstract: Wood anatomy in addition to genetic is affected by environmental factors. One of the environmental factors is soil erosion which affects anatomical properties of roots considerably. Juniperus excelsa is one of Iranin indigenous softwood and has longevity and anatomical properties of its root ...
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Abstract: Wood anatomy in addition to genetic is affected by environmental factors. One of the environmental factors is soil erosion which affects anatomical properties of roots considerably. Juniperus excelsa is one of Iranin indigenous softwood and has longevity and anatomical properties of its root in two conditions: inside of soil and exposed one can reveal effects of soil erosion on wood anatomical properties of root. So many roots and barks of trees in inside of soils and exposed have been sampled and many micro-sections prepared by microtome and anatomical properties were investigated. Results showed that wood roots under soil conform of one row of late-wood and by exposing the lumen area of tracheids in early-wood and late-wood were decreased and the cells appear thicker and late-wood portion increased. The axial parenchyma inclusion of dark resins in exposed roots observed frequently. Meanwhile by exposing of roots the thickness of bark decreased and the thickness of phloem and periderm in exposed root is not as wide as normal roots.
Vahid reza ُSafdari; Nima Eskini; Ajang Tajdini; Vlima Bayramzadeh
Abstract
Wood anatomy in addition to genetic is affected by environmental factors. One of the environmental factors is soil erosion which affects anatomical properties of roots considerably. Juniperus excelsa is one of Iranin indigenous softwood and has longevity and anatomical properties of its root in two conditions: ...
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Wood anatomy in addition to genetic is affected by environmental factors. One of the environmental factors is soil erosion which affects anatomical properties of roots considerably. Juniperus excelsa is one of Iranin indigenous softwood and has longevity and anatomical properties of its root in two conditions: inside of soil and exposed one can reveal effects of soil erosion on wood anatomical properties of root. So many roots and barks of trees in inside of soils and exposed have been sampled and many micro-sections prepared by microtome and anatomical properties were investigated. Results showed that wood roots under soil conform of one row of late-wood and by exposing the lumen area of tracheids in early-wood and late-wood were decreased and the cells appear thicker and late-wood portion increased. The axial parenchyma inclusion of dark resins in exposed roots observed frequently. Meanwhile by exposing of roots the thickness of bark decreased and the thickness of phloem and periderm in exposed root is not as wide as normal roots.
Vahid reza ُSafdari; Behzad Shabani; Seyyed Khalil Hosseinihashemi; Mehran Roohnia; Vilma Bayamzadeh
Abstract
Air pollutantion in particular pollutants from automobile exhaust can affect anatomical and morphological characteristics of woods. In order to investigate the impact of this factor, Pinus eldarica trees of Chitgar park in Tehran, the area which is extended from south to crowded highway (polluted ...
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Air pollutantion in particular pollutants from automobile exhaust can affect anatomical and morphological characteristics of woods. In order to investigate the impact of this factor, Pinus eldarica trees of Chitgar park in Tehran, the area which is extended from south to crowded highway (polluted site) and in north to Alborz Mountain (unpolluted site) and the middle part (semi-polluted site) were sampled by increment borer. After cross-dating, the tree rings of recent 5 years were separated from the old rings. Then anatomical characteristics of cross section, including transition between early and latewood, tangential thickness of last formed latewood tracheides, frequency of ray and resin ducts and morphological characteristics of tracheids in three zones and in the same rings were studied. Results indicated that the ring width pattern of Pinus eldarica in three zones is somehow the same. The frequency of resin duct and rays and false rings in 2005 and 2006 in the polluted and semi-polluted site were higher compare to the unpolluted site. Fiber length, wall thickness (2d) and lumen size of trees of unpolluted site were more than the other two sites (Polluted and Semi-polluted). In general, it could be concluded that air pollution impact on tree ring width can reduce wood quality as well.
