Abas Fakhryan; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Fardad Golbabaei; Mohammad mehdi Brazandeh
Abstract
In this Investigation chemical, physical, morphology, pulp and paper making characteristics of Populus costanzo were studied. The average dry and critical specific gravity was found to be 0.39and 0.36 and the fiber morphology including fiber length , diameter ,lumen and thickness ...
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In this Investigation chemical, physical, morphology, pulp and paper making characteristics of Populus costanzo were studied. The average dry and critical specific gravity was found to be 0.39and 0.36 and the fiber morphology including fiber length , diameter ,lumen and thickness of cell wall 1.14 mm,28.84 µm, 28 µm ,and 2.92 µm was determined respectively. The average chemical composition including cellulose 50.74%, lignin 19.18%, Ext. 1.22% and Ash 1.65% were measured. In order to cook and pulping, Kraft process was used. The maximum yield and kappa number of Populus costanzo at 1 hour cooking time, 150°c cooking temperature and 12% effective alkali condition obtained at 61.91% and 54.83 respectively and the minimum yield and kappa number at 3 hour cooking time, 170°c cooking temperature and 16% effective alkali condition obtained at 45.63% and 13.42 respectively.
Physics and Mechanical Wood
Fardad Golbabaei; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Amir Nourbakhsh; Abolfazl Kargarfard; Abas Fakhryan
Abstract
Most industrial production processes need cooling water to operate efficiently and safely. Refineries، steel mills، petrochemical manufacturing plants، electric utilities and paper mills all rely heavily on equipment or processes that require efficient temperature control. Cooling water system control ...
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Most industrial production processes need cooling water to operate efficiently and safely. Refineries، steel mills، petrochemical manufacturing plants، electric utilities and paper mills all rely heavily on equipment or processes that require efficient temperature control. Cooling water system control these temperatures by transferring heat from hot process fluids into cooling water. As this happens، the cooling water itself gets hot before it can be used again it must either be cooled or replaced by a fresh supply of cold water. The aim of this study was utilizing domestic wood in cooling towers structure. For this purpose، five wood spices included: Hornbeam، Oak، Alder،Populus and Tehran pine (Eldarica pine) and also five different regions with different climate، included: electric plant Montazer ghaem from Karaj near of Tehran، electric plant Loshan from north of Iran، electric plant Dorcheh Esfahan from center of Iran and petrochemical manufacturing plants Bandar emam from south of Iran، have been chosen. Sampling have been done and treated with CCA. All samples were put in the cooling towers and were tested during the study period. (Mechanical tests such as specific gravity، static bending، compression parallel to grain and hardness). Based on this study، the mechanical properties of these spices during last four years were done. At the fifth year of study، virtual damages have not seen where as significant difference have been achieved in aspect of mechanical properties. Among of theses wood spices، Populous and Pinus eldarica had minimum mechanical degrade and it should be noted that Pinus eldarica spices had better quality than populous spices.
Management and Economics wood
Ebrahim Farashiani; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Satar Zinali
Abstract
Sart long horn beetle (Aeolesthes sarta) is one of the most important pests of elm, walnut, poplar, sycamore and... in Iran. The wood of these trees is valuable and they can be attacked by A. sarta. For the first time in the world, during 1997 -2001, quality and quantity of damage of A. sarta on host ...
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Sart long horn beetle (Aeolesthes sarta) is one of the most important pests of elm, walnut, poplar, sycamore and... in Iran. The wood of these trees is valuable and they can be attacked by A. sarta. For the first time in the world, during 1997 -2001, quality and quantity of damage of A. sarta on host trees was investigated. To evaluate damage amount and reduction of wood production, the number and volume per cubic meter of galleries, and quantity of wood fed by the larvae were evaluated.Also for evaluation of quality damage, nonaffected wood as well as infected wood were compared in terms of economical and industrial values. The results indicated that the quantity damage on the wood of trees was considered as high and larvae fed about 20% of wood. In the mean time, because of dying of the trees, production of wood stopped completely.Sometimes, heartwood particularly pith of the trees was fed and about 50% Of trunk become hollow. Because of damages and existence of numerous galleries, the quality of wood has lowered and so wood has no industrial use and some of tree:species such as walnut and alder lost their economical value up to 90%.
Composite wood products
Hossein Hosseinkhani
Abstract
In this study, chemical properties of Date Palm residues including cellulose and hemi cellulose content, Lignin content, Extractive and Ash content were determined, and also its physical properties including fiber dimension were measured according to D-2395 ASTM method. The boards made for this study ...
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In this study, chemical properties of Date Palm residues including cellulose and hemi cellulose content, Lignin content, Extractive and Ash content were determined, and also its physical properties including fiber dimension were measured according to D-2395 ASTM method. The boards made for this study contained 25% lignocellolosic material, Date Palm pruning residues (both fibers and chips) and 75% Gypsum powder. Variable factors were lignocellolosic materials (fibers and chips at different proprotion (0:100, 5:95, 10:90, 15:85, and 20:80). Totally, 15 boards were manufactured, and samples of all the boards made were tested after curing for 14 days by the methods of Japanese Industrial Standard - R9111 to obtain mean values of Bending strength (MOR), Bending stiffness (MOE), Internal bond strength (I.B), thickness swelling (TS) and water absorption (WA). Gypsum particleboard (GPB) has high thickness swelling (TS), high water absorption (WA), and low mechanical properties compared with GPB reinforced fibers. The properties of GPB were improved by adding fibers. The experimental results showed that GPB with the added fibers had good physical and mechanical properties compared with those of gypsum particleboard with no added fibers. On the other hand, based on the achieved results both mechanical and physical properties of boards increarse with increasing the fiber proprotion. It can be concluded that Date palm fibers are a good material as reinforcement for the manufacture of Gypsum bounded board.
Composite wood products
Hossein Hosseinkhani
Abstract
Iran is not rich in forest land and only 7.5 per cent of country covered by forest. So Iran has to import wood based panel annually. It is estimated that 100.000.000 Date Palms trees covered an area at about 770.000 ha around world, and Iran has got 220.000 ha. Because of several reasons Date palm trees ...
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Iran is not rich in forest land and only 7.5 per cent of country covered by forest. So Iran has to import wood based panel annually. It is estimated that 100.000.000 Date Palms trees covered an area at about 770.000 ha around world, and Iran has got 220.000 ha. Because of several reasons Date palm trees should be pruned and each tree produce 10-20 kg residues annually. In this study, for making boards Date Palm pruning residues as raw material and employed UF resin as the binder. Steeming time (5 and 8 Min.), steeming time (135 and 145oC) and press time (1, 2 and 3 Min.) were used as variable factors and three boards were made in Pilot plant scale for each combination of variables. Samples of all made boards were tested by the methods of EN to obtain mean values of bending strength, and Internal bond strength (I.B). In addition samples of each type of board were tested for thickness swelling after soaking in water for 2 hours and 24 hours respectively. The results of this study show clearly that boards have higher mechanical properties than the MDF property requirements which is recommended by EN standard.
Mechanical conversion of wood and wooden fittings
Mohammad Ghofrani; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Habib Rahimi dastjerdi; Saeid Khojasteh khosro; Parviz Amiri
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of hydrothermal treatment of walnut (Juglans regia) and caucasian elm (Zelkova Carpinifolia) wood species on their acoustic properties in radial and tangential directions. For this purpose, specimens were prepared with dimensions of 360 (L) ...
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The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of hydrothermal treatment of walnut (Juglans regia) and caucasian elm (Zelkova Carpinifolia) wood species on their acoustic properties in radial and tangential directions. For this purpose, specimens were prepared with dimensions of 360 (L) ×20 (R) ×20 (T) mm. Heat treatments in water medium were performed at 150ºC for 5 hours. Acoustic properties of specimens (specific modulus of elasticity, damping, acoustical coefficient, acoustical conversion efficiency and wave velocity) measured by free flexural vibration on a free-free bar method. Properties of treated specimens compared with control specimens. Result showed that hydrothermal treatment improved all acoustic properties of specimens. Acoustic properties of radial and tangential surfaces of walnut wood did not show significant difference; while in caucasian elm significant differences obtained between radial and tangential surface properties. Generally, better acoustic properties achieved in tangential direction of heat-treated Caucasian elm species. So, it is recommended as a suitable specimen to be used in making the sound-boards of musical instruments such as Iranian Santour and Xylophones and also resonator boxes.
Pulp and paper
Lila Karami motaghi; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Fardad Golbabaei
Abstract
In this study pulp and hand sheets paper characteristics of Salix nigra wood kraft and soda pulp and paper were investigated. Average density of dry and bulk density wood were determined 0.35 and 150 kg/m3 and average fiber dimension consist of fiber length, fiber diameter were measured, 1100 and 30 ...
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In this study pulp and hand sheets paper characteristics of Salix nigra wood kraft and soda pulp and paper were investigated. Average density of dry and bulk density wood were determined 0.35 and 150 kg/m3 and average fiber dimension consist of fiber length, fiber diameter were measured, 1100 and 30 µm, respectively. The chemical composition were determined as cellulose 42%, lignin 28% and extractive 4%. In order to coocking and pulping, Kraft (Sulfate) and soda process were used. For comparison of fiber dimensions, physical properties and chemical composition of the mean and standard deviation, yields of pulp in the form of a factorial randomized complete block design test, the strength properties of handsheets table ANOVA and for group means of the Duncan were used. All paper strengths of two hour cooking show better results than one hour cooking times, and all paper strengths of 22% alkaline show better result than 18%, also all paper strengths of 100% mixture show better result than 25% mixture (100% mixture only contain kraft pulpof salix nigra). The results of hand sheet strength indicated that Kraft pulp of salix nigra wood will provide a suitable to mix with short fiber hard wood pulp.
Fardad Golbabaei; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Reza Hajihassani; Arash Rashnv
Abstract
The main objective of the production of cement - wood products or mineral-bounded composite panels is to combine the mineral components of lignocellulosic materials such as wood and organic particles with inorganic binders such as cement, plaster, etc. Wood cement products which are presently produced ...
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The main objective of the production of cement - wood products or mineral-bounded composite panels is to combine the mineral components of lignocellulosic materials such as wood and organic particles with inorganic binders such as cement, plaster, etc. Wood cement products which are presently produced in most countries possess desirable functional properties such as good weather ability, resistance to atmospheric, biological agents and fire and are lighter weight as compared with other building materials, and provides improved dimensional stability. The flat panels using conventional presses can be produced, and also other products such as concrete blocks, bricks and pieces of different forms can be produced using appropriate frames. Large wood cement- based panels are widely used in construction of residential and commercial buildings. In this research, with respect to the availability of lignocellulosic material (agricultural residues such as rice straw, wheat straw, cotton stalk) in various areas (Gilan, Mazandaran and Golestan)) and the additive material (as calcium chloride), boards with similar structural was produced. Mechanical strength values including static bending strength, modulus of elasticity and elastic bending strength were measured. MSTATC based computer package was used to analyze the data. In terms of the maximum load strength, wood cement board made of poplar wood as the control boards (4.4146 MPa) had the highest mechanical strength followed by cotton stalks (2.463 MPa), wheat straw (1. 6776 MPa) and rice straw (0. 8622 MPa), respectively. In general, the study has indicated the suitability (given the appropriate ratio) of the agricultural residues in construction of wall and warehouse in farm lands.
Mohammad hadi Aryaei monfared; Hossein Tavakoli; Hossein Hosseinkhani
Abstract
One of the lesser known local woody species of the Zirkooh-Qhaen in the east of Iran is Ammodendron persicum with the traditional name of Divdal. In this study three selected logs were used for study of wood properties. For the first time wood of this desert species was studied from different physical ...
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One of the lesser known local woody species of the Zirkooh-Qhaen in the east of Iran is Ammodendron persicum with the traditional name of Divdal. In this study three selected logs were used for study of wood properties. For the first time wood of this desert species was studied from different physical and anatomical aspects. The results showed that Ammodendron ʼs wood is a ring -porous hardwood that all parts of its cross section have long rays that is visible with naked eye. In the study of physical properties of Ammodendron̛ ҆s wood apparent density and dry one respectively was 1.125 and 0.92 g/Cm3 that put this wood to the very dense category.
Mohammad Tasoji; Amir Nourbakhsh; Abolfazl Kargarfard; Hossein Hosseinkhani
Abstract
Physical and mechanical properties wood-plastic composites produced from wheat and rice straw particles, nano-clay, polypropylene and MAPP were investigated. The amount of polypropylene and lignocellulosic materials were selected as 60 wt% and 40 wt% respectively. The Nano-clay was added in three levels ...
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Physical and mechanical properties wood-plastic composites produced from wheat and rice straw particles, nano-clay, polypropylene and MAPP were investigated. The amount of polypropylene and lignocellulosic materials were selected as 60 wt% and 40 wt% respectively. The Nano-clay was added in three levels 0, 2 and 4 wt% and the amount of coupling agent was fixed and set to 2 wt% for all treatments except for the control. The control samples were made from polypropylene and lignocellulosic materials with neither nanoclay nor coupling agent was used. The results showed that the tensile and flexural strengths were decreased by the addition of nanoparticles. For tensile and flexural modulus, adding 2 wt% of nanoclay led to an increase in both moduli. However there was a decrease in both moduli when 4 wt% nanoclay was added. The impact strength decreased adding nanoclay. There was a decrease in 24 hour water absorption when 2 wt% of nanoclay was added but an increase was observed in 4 wt% of nanoclay level. According to the mechanical and physical properties of all the treatments, the samples made of rice straw showed better results compare to wheat straw samples due to their high amount of silica and its compatibility with nanoclay. SEM test was performed.
Reza Hajihassani; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Abolfazl Kargarfard; Fardad Golbabaei
Abstract
The impact of reeds residue addition on physical and mechanical properties of particleboard made from pomegranate pruning was investigated. Laboratory particleboard was made applying one of the three levels of press time (3, 4 and 5 minutes) and one of the four levels of reed ...
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The impact of reeds residue addition on physical and mechanical properties of particleboard made from pomegranate pruning was investigated. Laboratory particleboard was made applying one of the three levels of press time (3, 4 and 5 minutes) and one of the four levels of reed and pomegranate pruning mixture (1-100% reeds; 2- 75% reeds + 25% pomegranate pruning; 3- 50% reeds + 50% pomegranate pruning and 4- 25% reeds + 75% pomegranate pruning). Boards were made in three replicate and 36 boards were made. Boards were tested using relevant EN standard and results were analyzed based on complete randomized design (CRD) under factorial experiment. Results revealed that increasing of pomegranate pruning in the wood mixture imposed positive effect on MOR, MOE, IB and thickness swelling of the particleboard. The relevant values of MOR, and MOE of the boards produced using 25% reeds + 75% pomegranate pruning were determined as 16.20 MPa and 2533 MPa respectively. Also thickness swelling after for 2 and 24 hours soaking in water decreased from 17.51 and 33.21% to 9.33 and 16.84% respectively. Internal bond strength (IB) of boards made applying 3 minutes press time (0.17 MPa.) was higher than boards made pressed for either 4 or 5 minutes, which indicates that 3 minutes press time is the appropriate time to approach maximum MOR and minimum thickness swelling after 24 hours soaking in water.
Composite wood products
masoudreza habibi; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Saeed Mahdavi
Abstract
In this study, particleboard was produced using Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) called Somr wood. Oven dry density of stem and branch wood was measured as 0.92, 0.72 g/cm3 whereas the bark weight percentage of stem and branch wood determined as 13.6 % and14 % respectively. The influence of raw material ...
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In this study, particleboard was produced using Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) called Somr wood. Oven dry density of stem and branch wood was measured as 0.92, 0.72 g/cm3 whereas the bark weight percentage of stem and branch wood determined as 13.6 % and14 % respectively. The influence of raw material mixture (stem wood, branch wood, the blend of stem and branch wood, 50/50 w/w) and resin content 10% and 12 % (based on dry weight of the particle) on particleboard properties were investigated. Properties such as MOR, MOE, IB, thickness swelling after 2 and 24 hours immersion in water were determined according to EN standard. Except for MOE, the effect of raw material type on board properties was significant. Particleboards made from branch wood, had the highest MOR. Maximum IB was observed in boards made from the blend of stem and branch wood. With the exception of bending properties, the effect of resin content on all board properties was significant. Increasing the resin content improved board properties. The lowest value of thickness swelling after 2 and 24 hours immersion in water was obtained in particleboard made from stem wood
Fardad Golbabaei; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Abolfazl Kargarfard; Amir Nourbakhsh; Reza Hajihassani
Abstract
The major engineering properties of Pinus taeda L. wood growing in different regions of Caspian forests (North of Iran) was determined. Test materials were selected randomly from Pinus teada tree plantation and the test specimens were prepared according to ASTM D-143 standard. Mechanical and physical ...
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The major engineering properties of Pinus taeda L. wood growing in different regions of Caspian forests (North of Iran) was determined. Test materials were selected randomly from Pinus teada tree plantation and the test specimens were prepared according to ASTM D-143 standard. Mechanical and physical properties were measured on both green and air-dried samples (12% moisture content). The results of the measurement were statistically analyzed based on randomized block design and factorial experiment. The influence of specimen locations at different stem heights was examined. Based on the results of this study, statistically significant difference of the measured properties was not observed between the samples collected from different regions. Toughness was not influenced by moisture content, but the compression strength perpendicular to the grain of wet and air-dry specimens was not similar. Mechanical properties of Pinus teada wood grown in Iran is generally of lower quality compare to those in their original habitat.
Composite wood products
masoudreza habibi; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Saeed Mahdavi; Sayed javad Sepidehdam
Abstract
In this study, particleboard was produced by Eucalyptus and Poplar wood mixture. Variations of this study were as follow: - Combinations of Eucalyptus and Poplar wood were (%100 , %0) , (%66.5 ,% 33.5) , (%33.5 ,% 66.5) and (%0 ,% 100) respectively. ...
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In this study, particleboard was produced by Eucalyptus and Poplar wood mixture. Variations of this study were as follow: - Combinations of Eucalyptus and Poplar wood were (%100 , %0) , (%66.5 ,% 33.5) , (%33.5 ,% 66.5) and (%0 ,% 100) respectively. - Resin content ( %8 and %10) Physical and mechanical properties of boards such as MOR, MOE, IB TS2 and TS24 were tested according to EN standard. The effects of raw materials combinations on bending properties were significant. Maximum of MOE and MOR were observed in %66.5 of Poplar wood and % 33.5 of Eucalyptus wood. As expected, Physical and mechanical properties of boards were improved by increasing of resin content. Results indicated that TS2 and TS24 were increased with increasing of Poplar wood in combinations. Also the minimum of these properties were obtained in combinations of Eucalyptus and Poplar wood, %100, %0 respectively.
Composite wood products
masoudreza habibi; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Saeid Mahdavi; Fardad Golbabaei
Abstract
In this study Medium Density Fiberboard was produced from 4 year old Poplar clones (P.e. costanzo, P.e. 564.41, P.e. vernirubensis). Fibers length of P.e. costanzo, P.e. 564.41, P.e. vernirubensis were measured 805, 751 and 764 micron respectively. Also fibers diameter of these clones were determined ...
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In this study Medium Density Fiberboard was produced from 4 year old Poplar clones (P.e. costanzo, P.e. 564.41, P.e. vernirubensis). Fibers length of P.e. costanzo, P.e. 564.41, P.e. vernirubensis were measured 805, 751 and 764 micron respectively. Also fibers diameter of these clones were determined 25.76, 25.44, 25.23 micron respectively. Three steaming times (5, 10, 15 minutes) were used for fibers preparation. Also three press times (3, 4, 5 minutes) and two resin contents (9%, 11%) were applied for MDF production. Thus physical and mechanical properties of boards such as MOE, MOR, IB and Thickness Swelling after 2 and 24 hours were investigated. The physical and mechanical properties of boards were tested in based on EN standard. The measurements of bending properties and IB of MDF revealed that increasing steaming time caused to decrease MOE, MOR and IB. The highest of MOE, MOR and IB were obtained in 5 minutes steaming time. Also the lowest values of Thickness Swelling after 2 and 24 hours were obtained in 15 minutes steaming time. The influence of press time on bending properties was not significant. The highest of IB was obtained in 5 minutes press time. As expected, boards demonstrated better properties at higher resin content.
Pulp and paper
Abbas Fakhryan roghani; Fardad Golbabaei; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Kamyar Salehi; Saeed Mahdavi; Sabrineh Mohsseni tavakoli
Abstract
In this reseach, chemical, anatomical and pulping properties of 12 years old Populus.triplo of adapting plan and quantity properties of this tree from karaj research station were investigated.The average of fiber length ,diameter ,lumen and thickness of cell wall 1.27 mm ,31.88 um, 23.54 um and 4.22 ...
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In this reseach, chemical, anatomical and pulping properties of 12 years old Populus.triplo of adapting plan and quantity properties of this tree from karaj research station were investigated.The average of fiber length ,diameter ,lumen and thickness of cell wall 1.27 mm ,31.88 um, 23.54 um and 4.22 um and cellulose ,lignin , Ext. and ash %53.74 , %22.87 , %1.8 and %1.5 were measured respectively.The yield and kappa number of pulps between 41.152% - 48% and 18.06 – 25.28 were measured.In 14% and 18% effective alcoholli, tearh index 9.307 mNm²/gr and 10.147 mNm²/gr were obtained.
Composite wood products
masoudreza habibi; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Saeed Mahdavi
Abstract
In this study , MDF was produced from three clones of poplar (P.e. vernirubensis, P.e. costanzo, P.e.561.41). Age clones of poplar were 4 and 12 years. In addition to age variation , the influence of three production variables (steaming time , press time and resin content on MDF properties were investigated. ...
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In this study , MDF was produced from three clones of poplar (P.e. vernirubensis, P.e. costanzo, P.e.561.41). Age clones of poplar were 4 and 12 years. In addition to age variation , the influence of three production variables (steaming time , press time and resin content on MDF properties were investigated. Variations of each variable were as follow:
- Steaming time (5, 10, 15 minutes)
- Press time (3, 4, 5 minutes)
- Resin content (9%, 11%)
Fiber length and fiber diameter of 4 and 12 years old poplar clones (P.e. vernirubensis, P.e. costanzo, P.e.564.41) were measured 746, 25.23, 805, 25.76,751, 25.44 and 902, 31.62, 995, 29.23, 899, 26.83 micron respectively.
MOR, MOE, IB, TS2, TS24 were determined according to DIN standard.
Increasing steaming time decreased board's internal bond and bending properties. As expected, boards demonstrated better properties at higher resin consumption. Minimum of boards thickness swelling were obtained at 15 minutes steaming time because of fiber hydrophilic properties were decreased. There are no significant differences between 4 and 12 years old of clones for bending properties and IB of boards. The effect of age variation is only significant difference on thickness swelling of boards which it is lower for 4 years old clones.
Composite wood products
masoudreza habibi; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Saeed Mahdavi
Abstract
In this study, MDF was produced from Rice straw. Variables for Medium Density fiberboard making were as following:
- Resin content 8, 9.5, 11 (percent baced on oven dry weight of fiber)
- Press time (4, 5, 6 minutes).
There were 9 treatment conditions by combinations of the above factors and three ...
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In this study, MDF was produced from Rice straw. Variables for Medium Density fiberboard making were as following:
- Resin content 8, 9.5, 11 (percent baced on oven dry weight of fiber)
- Press time (4, 5, 6 minutes).
There were 9 treatment conditions by combinations of the above factors and three replications for each combinations which resulted in producing 27 boards.The other production variables were constant.
The anatomical properties of Rice straw such as fiber length, fiber diameter were measured respectively 810, 10.1 micron. L/D ratio of Rice straw fiber was measured 80.2. The physical and mechanical properties of MDF were determined according to DIN standard. The measurements of bending properties and IB of MDF revealed that the highest MOR, MOE, IB were obtained in variables combination of 11% resin content and press time of 6 minute and at this conditions thickness swelling of boards were the lowest.
According to Duncans, test method the effects of press times (4 & 5 minutes) and resin content (8% & 9.5%) on bending properties were not significant statistically.
Composite wood products
masoudreza habibi; Saeed Mahdavi; Hossein Hosseinkhani
Abstract
In this study, MDF was produced from Reed ( Phragmites australis ). Reeds are collected from Talabe - Anzalye areas. The treatments conditions for fiber preparing were as follows:-Steaming temperature 170°c, 180°c-Steaming time 5, 10, 15 minutesThe other production variables were constant. The ...
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In this study, MDF was produced from Reed ( Phragmites australis ). Reeds are collected from Talabe - Anzalye areas. The treatments conditions for fiber preparing were as follows:-Steaming temperature 170°c, 180°c-Steaming time 5, 10, 15 minutesThe other production variables were constant. The anatomical properties of Reed such as fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen cell diameter, and cell wall thickness were measured respectively 1.38mm, 17.07, 6.15, 5.46 micron. LID ratio of Reed fiber was measured 80.84. The physical and mechanical properties of MDF were determined according to DIN standard. The measurements of bending properties and IB of MDF revealed that increasing steaming time and steaming temperature caused to decrease MOR, MOE and IB.Also the results of MDF dimentional stabilities indicated that Thickness Swelling after 2 and 24 hours decreased upon increasing steaming time and steaming temperature. Degradation of hemicellulose chains may be the reason of decreasing Thickness Swelling.
Mechanical conversion of wood and wooden fittings
Hossein Hosseinkhani; Abdolrahman Hosseinzadeh; Fardad Golbabaei; Abbas Fakhryan roghani; masoudreza habibi
Abstract
In order to establish a sawing pattern for small log of Iranian Poplar wood (Populus nigra), experimental specimens were prepared from fresh felled trees. All logs were cut in 230 cm, the length and two sawing patterns were used in order to saw and produce boards with 60 mm, nominal size in thickness. ...
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In order to establish a sawing pattern for small log of Iranian Poplar wood (Populus nigra), experimental specimens were prepared from fresh felled trees. All logs were cut in 230 cm, the length and two sawing patterns were used in order to saw and produce boards with 60 mm, nominal size in thickness. In this study the band saw both vertical and horizontal were used. The study provides considerable evidence that there is significant difference between two sawing patterns (live & traditional method) and live sawing gave significantly more yield and slabs than the other method Sawing pattern for each top diameter of logs have been also given. Since the cost of coating is not much in relation to the benefits, end coating of logs and storage is recommended.
Pulp and paper
Abbas Fakhryan roghani; Abdolrahman Hosseinzadeh; Fardad Golbabaei; Hossein Hosseinkhani
Abstract
Two 22 years old spruce trees (Picea abies) from Picesoon region of Gilan province are investigated. These samples were transferred to the Alborz research center. The physical, anatomical and chemical properties of samples were determined. Dry and critical specific gravity, fiber length, amount of cellulose ...
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Two 22 years old spruce trees (Picea abies) from Picesoon region of Gilan province are investigated. These samples were transferred to the Alborz research center. The physical, anatomical and chemical properties of samples were determined. Dry and critical specific gravity, fiber length, amount of cellulose and lignin were measured at 0.334, 0.306, 3.07 mm, % 59.74 and % 28.94 respectively. Average yield and kappa number of kraft pulp at %16, %18 and % 20 effective alkalis were determined at 48/67%, 44.67%, 45.63% and 46.85, 33.98 and 26.89 respectively. The result of this research indicates that production of suitable pulp from picea abies wood is possible.
Composite wood products
masoudreza habibi; Saeed Mahdavi; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Sayed javad Sepideh dam
Abstract
In this study, MDF was produced from Reed (Phragmites australis). Reeds are collected from Hor-Alazym area. The treatments conditions for fiber preparing were as following:- Steaming temperature 170, 180oC(Steaming pressure 7,9 bar).- Steaming time 5, 10, 15 minutes.The other production variables were ...
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In this study, MDF was produced from Reed (Phragmites australis). Reeds are collected from Hor-Alazym area. The treatments conditions for fiber preparing were as following:- Steaming temperature 170, 180oC(Steaming pressure 7,9 bar).- Steaming time 5, 10, 15 minutes.The other production variables were constant.The anatomical properties of Reed such as Fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen cell diameter, and cell wall thickness were measured. LID ratio of Reed fiber was measured 73.69. The physical and mechanical properties of MDF were determined according to DIN standard. The measurements of bending properties and IB of MDF revealed that increasing steaming time and steaming temperature caused to decrease MOR, MOE, and IB.Also the results of MDF dimentional stabilities indicated that Thickness Swelling after 2 and 24 hours decreased upon increasing steaming time and steaming temperature. Degradation of hemicellulose chains may be the reason of decreasing Thickness Swelling.
Pulp and paper
Abbas Fakhryan roghani; Abdolrahman Hosseinzadeh; Fardad Golbabaei; Hossein Hosseinkhani
Abstract
Three 4,6 and 12 years old populus deltoides trees were randomly selected and felled from the Safrabasteh Research Station located in Gilan province. Samples were transferred to the Wood chemistry and Paper Making of Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands. By using of kraft processing, percentage ...
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Three 4,6 and 12 years old populus deltoides trees were randomly selected and felled from the Safrabasteh Research Station located in Gilan province. Samples were transferred to the Wood chemistry and Paper Making of Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands. By using of kraft processing, percentage of sulfidity rate of %25, and the temperature of 165°C a addition to modification of effective alkali, up to 14%, 17%, 20% and cooking time at maximum temperature of 60 min., 120 min., 180 min., with a rate of liquide to lignocellulosics malerial equivalent at 5/1 (L/W).Average of yield and kappa number of pulps was measured between 43.83-2.20 and 14.85-30.48 respectively.Pulps were refined up to the freness degree of 350, 400 and 450 c.s.f for 14% effective alkali and 350 c.s.f. for 20% effective alkali. The mechanical properties of 60 grams hand-made papers include breaking length, burst Index, tear Index and folding were also measured.
Composite wood products
masoudreza habibi; Abdolrahman Hosseinzadeh; Fardad Golbabaei; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Javad Sepidedam; Saeed Mahdavi
Abstract
In this study, MDF was produced from wet depicting Bagasse in three steaming time of 5, 10 and 15 minutes and in two steaming temperatures of 170°C and 180°C. There were 6 treatment conditions by combination of the above factors and three replications for each combination which resulted in producing ...
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In this study, MDF was produced from wet depicting Bagasse in three steaming time of 5, 10 and 15 minutes and in two steaming temperatures of 170°C and 180°C. There were 6 treatment conditions by combination of the above factors and three replications for each combination which resulted in producing 18 boards.The anatomical and chemical properties of Bagasse and also the physical and mechanical properties of MDF such as MOR, MOE, IB and swelling thickness after 2 and 24 hours were studied.Fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen cell diameter, and cell wall thickness were respectively measured 1.24 mm 22.90m., 12.48 m and 5.28m cellulose, lignin, extractives, and ash contents were 53.68%, 20.44%, 0.96% and 1.14% respectively.The measurement of MOR, MOE, IB and SW (after 2 and 24 hours) of the MDF revealed that the proper condition is obtained at the steaming temperature of 170°C and the steaming time of 5 minutes. The properties in the above-mentioned conditions were measured 12.22Mpa, 1370 Mpa, 0.13 Mpa, 47.11% and 52.22% respectively.
Physics and anatomy
masoudreza habibi; Abdolrahman Hosseinzadeh; Ahmad Jahan latibari; Hossein Familian; Hossein Hosseinkhani
Abstract
In this study, annual growth, bark content, fiher dimensions of pine wood (P. eldarica) were measured. Annual ring thickness and bark content 4.95 mm, 12.15% are determined respectively. Fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen cell diameter, cell wall thickness were determined 2.26 mm, 39.63m 29.06 m and ...
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In this study, annual growth, bark content, fiher dimensions of pine wood (P. eldarica) were measured. Annual ring thickness and bark content 4.95 mm, 12.15% are determined respectively. Fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen cell diameter, cell wall thickness were determined 2.26 mm, 39.63m 29.06 m and 5.28 m respectively. Also felting coefficient 58.59, tear coefficient 36.24% and flexibility coefficient 18.12%were measured. Trend of variations of fibers dimensions indicated that fibers longth increased with increasing tree height from butt to crown. Also this property increased from pith to tenth annuad ring then decreased toward of bark. Cell wall thickness decreased from butt to 2 m. height and then increased. Also cell wall thickness decreased from pith toward bark.
