Elham Marzban Moridani; Mohammad Talaeipour; Amir houman Hemmasi; esmaeil Ghasemi; Mehdei Kalagar
Abstract
In this research, the mechanical properties of composite produced from recycled polymers (polyethylene and polypropylene) and paper mill sludge from two different sources (waste water sludge (s) and sludge on the DAF) were examined. Three levels of paper sludge (15, 30 and 45 wt %) were used to produce ...
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In this research, the mechanical properties of composite produced from recycled polymers (polyethylene and polypropylene) and paper mill sludge from two different sources (waste water sludge (s) and sludge on the DAF) were examined. Three levels of paper sludge (15, 30 and 45 wt %) were used to produce composites. Haake machine was used to blend materials and to produce standard samples, injection molding system was utilized. The mechanical properties including bending (strength and modulus) and impact strength were measured. The results showed that composites containing PP polymer and waste water sludge have higher mechanical properties than PE polymer and sludge on the DAF. The addition of both types of sludge as filler, results in enhancement of tensile properties compare to pure polymer. In the case, the higher content of sludge on the DAF was used, tensile strength of the composite decreased. Adding both types of sludge as filler, impact strength was lower than pure polymer. It was shown that composites containing sludge on the DAF have lower impact property than waste water sludge.
Jafar Ebrahimpour Kasmani; Mohammad Talaeipoor; Amir homan Hamasi; Ahmad Samariha
Abstract
The strength properties of paper produced from pulp obtained after 1, 2 and 4 weeks treatment of hornbeam chips with the Phanerochaete chrysosporium BKM - 1767 fungus was evaluated and compared with control samples. After preparing fungal specimens, hornbeam chips were exposed to this fungus for one ...
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The strength properties of paper produced from pulp obtained after 1, 2 and 4 weeks treatment of hornbeam chips with the Phanerochaete chrysosporium BKM - 1767 fungus was evaluated and compared with control samples. After preparing fungal specimens, hornbeam chips were exposed to this fungus for one of the three periods of 1, 2 and 4 weeks at 39oC temperature and 65% relative humidity. Then CMP pulp was prepared using treated chips, chemical treatment temperature of 165oC, for either 80 or 90 minutes and sodium sulfite charge of 14, 18 and 22% (based on oven dry weight of the wood). The liquor to chips was constant at 7 to 1. The results showed that the CMP pulping yield from treated chips was lower than control sample and the reduction after treatments for 1, 2 and 4 weeks was almost 1.64, 2.84, 6.20 percent respectively. Also the strength indices of paper such as tensile strength, burst strength, tear strength and folding endurance paper prepared from treated chips were lower than control chips
Pulp and paper
Amir hooman Hamasi; Mehdi Sabor; Mohammad Talaeipoor; Mohammad Azadfallah
Abstract
The aim of present study was to investigate the effects of xylanase enzyme obtained from Trichoderma viride on APMP pulp from Populus nigra wood. Treatment temperature, time, enzyme dosage and pulp consistency were varied. The results demonstrated that treating by xylanase has considerable effects on ...
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The aim of present study was to investigate the effects of xylanase enzyme obtained from Trichoderma viride on APMP pulp from Populus nigra wood. Treatment temperature, time, enzyme dosage and pulp consistency were varied. The results demonstrated that treating by xylanase has considerable effects on pulp. Paper brightness improved in average 2.5% ISO and the highest gain was 4.5%. Also, using enzyme resulted in enhancement of tear and burst indices. Breaking length of paper from enzyme treated pulp was increased to 4098 meters. Further treatment by xylanase reduced the pulp yield by 2.78% as compared to sample without enzyme treatment. The impact of other treatment such as washing by distilled water and alkaline extraction revealed that these treatments did not have significantly effect on the results of enzyme treatment. The optimum temperature, time, enzyme dosage and pulp consistency were 40-50° C, 70 minutes, 10 U/g of oven dried pulp and 10% respectively.
Management and Economics wood
Arash Hassan poor; Behzad Bazyar; Habib alah Khademi eslam; Amir Hooman Hamasi
Abstract
Wood polymer composites (wpc) have been extracting used for building Products, Automotive, Packaging materials and another applications. Wpc is subject to fungal attack due to wood components. Early detection of wood decay is critical because decay fungi can cause mass loss and rapid structure failure. ...
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Wood polymer composites (wpc) have been extracting used for building Products, Automotive, Packaging materials and another applications. Wpc is subject to fungal attack due to wood components. Early detection of wood decay is critical because decay fungi can cause mass loss and rapid structure failure. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of two fungi Trametes versicolorand Coniophora puteana on the mass loss of wood plastic composites. Specimens as four various treatments: contain 40,50,60,70 percent of wood flour in composition, were exposed to brown rot and white rot for 4, 8, 12, 16 week. After each of mentioned time Mass loss was measured and its amount increased for each of treatments. As seen, most amount of mass loss occurred on 16th week after contamination and in samples with 70% wood flour about two fungi .Results shown that contamination time and wood flour percent in composition have direct correlation with composites mass loss. Also at same treatments and contamination times white rot has more severe effects on mass loss factor than brown rot.
Pulp and paper
Alireza Khakifiroz; Seeyed Ahmad Mirshokraie; Amir homman Hamasi; Hababalah Khadmieslam; Mohammad Talaei poor
Abstract
Permanent or durable paper is a kind of paper that has a high degree of permanence and is likely to retain the properties which influence readability and document handling when storing in a protected environment for a long period. Permanence depends mainly on the chemical stability of the paper itself. ...
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Permanent or durable paper is a kind of paper that has a high degree of permanence and is likely to retain the properties which influence readability and document handling when storing in a protected environment for a long period. Permanence depends mainly on the chemical stability of the paper itself. Stability may be impaired by chemical reactions involving the paper's own components and by reactive agents from the environment and human being i.e., from air or filing enclosures. Poor chemical stability produces a chain reaction which in long term storage has a pronounced adverse effect on the mechanical or optical properties of the document. The main reactions causing mechanical deterioration are acid hydrolysis and oxidation. Yellowing is due to photochemical and thermal processes. Whatever the fibers used to make paper are longer , alkaline paper making is used , cationic elements such as Fe+2, Fe+3, Cu+2, Mn+2 and kappa number of pulp are minor, it is expected that the paper made is more permanent .In this research imported bleached Eucalyptus kraft pulp was used. The used pulp was refined according to tappi test method T248 cm-85 with PFI mill to reach freeness (300±25) CSF at number of beating revolutions 12000 .Hand sheets were made according to SCAN C25-65 standard with grammage 70.AKD sizing were used 2% oven dry weight of pulp and EDTA as chelating agent was used in concentrations 0 , 0.25 , 0.5 , 0.75 percent. For more assurance deionized water was used. furthermore, 20% calcium carbonate was used as residual alkaline and filler. Then hand sheets were laid under U.V radiation with wavelengths between 330 to 440 nm in 0,10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 hours interval and were conditioned in controlled temperature and relative humidity . pH of Extractive solutions were adjusted between 7 to 7.5 . At last, each strength indices were measured with three measurement frequencies and to compare the amount of mean strengths of produced handsheets, variation analysis (ANOVA) and Duncan test were used with SPSS software and the charts were drawn with Excel software.
Composite wood products
Abdolah Najafi; Mehdi Faezipoor; Habibalah Khademi eslam; Saeid Kazemi; Amir homan Hamasi
Abstract
In this study flexural properties Wood-plastic composites(WPCs), the composites made from high density polyethylene(virgin, recycled and mix of them) and four types lignocellulosic fillers (wood sawdust, sanding of MDF, particleboard sawdust and rice hull) at %60 by weight fiber loadings were manufactured ...
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In this study flexural properties Wood-plastic composites(WPCs), the composites made from high density polyethylene(virgin, recycled and mix of them) and four types lignocellulosic fillers (wood sawdust, sanding of MDF, particleboard sawdust and rice hull) at %60 by weight fiber loadings were manufactured using a dry blend/hot press method. Nominal density and dimensions of the panels were 1g/cm3 and 35Î35Î1cm, respectively. After conditioning, flexural properties of the panels including flexural modulus and flexural strength were determined. The results show the flexural modulus and strength wood plastic composites containing sanding MDF and particleboard sawdust were higher than those made from other fillers. The flexural modulus and strength were affected by kind of high density polyethylene (virgin or recycled
