Mohammad Ali Hossein; Mohammad Talaeipoor; Amir Hooman Hemmasi; behzad baziyar; Saeed Mahdavi
Abstract
The effect of applying the sequence of enzymatic treatment and refining was investigated on the properties of deinked pulp from mixed office waste paper (MOW). Refining was applied for 700 and 1500 revolutions. Enzymatic treatment was applied for 60 minutes with temperature of 60°C and 13% of consistency. ...
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The effect of applying the sequence of enzymatic treatment and refining was investigated on the properties of deinked pulp from mixed office waste paper (MOW). Refining was applied for 700 and 1500 revolutions. Enzymatic treatment was applied for 60 minutes with temperature of 60°C and 13% of consistency. Applying enzymatic treatment led to decrease in strength properties of paper and also decrease in freeness of the pulp. The refining process resulted in increase of paper properties and decrease in freeness of the pulp. By applying enzymatic treatment before refining, the freeness of pulp changed significantly so that, the freeness of the pulp was 496 and 390 for 700 and 1500 refining revolution respectively just for refining but these numbers changed to 397 and 544 for same revolutions for “enzymatic treatment + refining” sequence. In a normal condition increase of refining revolution lead to decrease in pulp freeness but that was interestingly the freeness increased for 1500 refining revolution. This means that the enzymatic treatment was effective. Generally, refining itself improved the quality parameters of pulp and paper, but applying this process after enzymatic treatment changed everything.
Pulp and paper
Zohreh Taheri; Hamidreza Rodi; Hossein Jalali-Torshizi; Reza Shidpour
Abstract
DOR:98.1000/1735-0913.1398.34.112.66.1.1578.1610 Nowadays, the barrier property against water take up of different packaging papers which mostly prepared from recycled fibers is of highly significance for paper manufacturers. In current study, the effect of AKD sizing agent has been examined on the properties ...
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DOR:98.1000/1735-0913.1398.34.112.66.1.1578.1610 Nowadays, the barrier property against water take up of different packaging papers which mostly prepared from recycled fibers is of highly significance for paper manufacturers. In current study, the effect of AKD sizing agent has been examined on the properties of papers made from recycled fibers of Atrak pulp and paper industries. Sizing of pulp suspension using AKD was conducted at levels of 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 % based on oven dry (OD) pulp in neutral pH (7), according to the TAPPI standard methods. Then, by preparation of handsheets with basis weight of about 60±3 g/m2, their Cobb test (60 second) and different characteristics were evaluated. According to the statistical analysis of the results, up to 1 % AKD consumption amount based on OD pulp exhibited for optimum level in internal sizing of these recycled fibers. In such AKD level, water take up of size-free papers revealed 174±7.4 g/m2, decreased to the value of about 24±1.7 g/m2 in AKD-treated papers. Further, contact angle of water droplet with the paper surface increased from 35.2º to 109.1º. Applying 1 % of AKD, paper tensile index increased to 33.2±1.01 N.m/g by 2.4 unit compared to the base paper. Apparently, such phenomena can be attributed to the AKD potential in creating hydrogen bonds which concurrent to the development of paper water repellency, resulted in improving bonding-ability of paper network. Additionally, AKD treatment led to in meaningful increase of paper opacity. This can also be attributed to the increase in filler retention in fibers network, which influences the development of light scattering from the paper surface.
Abas Fakhryan; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Fardad Golbabaei; Mohammad mehdi Brazandeh
Abstract
In this Investigation chemical, physical, morphology, pulp and paper making characteristics of Populus costanzo were studied. The average dry and critical specific gravity was found to be 0.39and 0.36 and the fiber morphology including fiber length , diameter ,lumen and thickness ...
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In this Investigation chemical, physical, morphology, pulp and paper making characteristics of Populus costanzo were studied. The average dry and critical specific gravity was found to be 0.39and 0.36 and the fiber morphology including fiber length , diameter ,lumen and thickness of cell wall 1.14 mm,28.84 µm, 28 µm ,and 2.92 µm was determined respectively. The average chemical composition including cellulose 50.74%, lignin 19.18%, Ext. 1.22% and Ash 1.65% were measured. In order to cook and pulping, Kraft process was used. The maximum yield and kappa number of Populus costanzo at 1 hour cooking time, 150°c cooking temperature and 12% effective alkali condition obtained at 61.91% and 54.83 respectively and the minimum yield and kappa number at 3 hour cooking time, 170°c cooking temperature and 16% effective alkali condition obtained at 45.63% and 13.42 respectively.
Pulp and paper
Hamid reza Rodi; Ali Soleymanisadati; Hosein Jalalitorshizi
Abstract
In this research, the effect of adding precipitated calcium carbonate filler combined with nanocellulose as reinforcement was examined to compensate the strengths loss of papers made of bagasse pulp. About 2 % of nanocellulose based on oven dry fibers suspended in water with 0.1 % consistency homogenized ...
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In this research, the effect of adding precipitated calcium carbonate filler combined with nanocellulose as reinforcement was examined to compensate the strengths loss of papers made of bagasse pulp. About 2 % of nanocellulose based on oven dry fibers suspended in water with 0.1 % consistency homogenized by ultrasonic was added to the pulp having 15 % PCC filler and was compared with the same sample without nanocellulose and base pulp (without any additives). Cationic polyacrylamide retention agent was added to the pulp suspension at the constant level of 0.14 % based on oven dry fibers. Statistical analysis of results revealed that the drainage time increased by adding of PCC and nanocellulose system to the bagasse pulp suspension. Addition of nanocellulose has enlarged filler particle retention due to the formation of adhesive flocs. Prepared SEM images from paper samples confirm filler particles flocculation, larger filler retention and their better distribution in paper network. Moreover, in papers filled by PCC and nanocellulose with roughly equal similar opacity and brightness, loss of strength characteristics due to adding of filler has been compensated. Although relatively higher drainage time of this pulp suspension is a substantial limitation, but pretreatment of filler with nanocellulose prior to its addition to the pulp can be investigated as a promising alternative.
Composite wood products
Alireza Sokhtesaraei; Sahab Hejazi; Laya Jamalirad; Mohammad Ahmadi; Sead behnam Hosseini
Abstract
In this study, the physical and mechanical properties of polypropylene composites reinforced with alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone, soda-anthraquinone and monoethanolamine-anthraquinone and chemical mechanical produced from non-extrated and pre-extracted bagasse with hot water were studied. MAPP coupling ...
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In this study, the physical and mechanical properties of polypropylene composites reinforced with alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone, soda-anthraquinone and monoethanolamine-anthraquinone and chemical mechanical produced from non-extrated and pre-extracted bagasse with hot water were studied. MAPP coupling agent (3%) was added and the performance of pretreated and unpretreated bagasse composites were compared. The ratio of the polypropylene and reinforcement material (pulp) was considered at 50/ 50 (w/w). The results showed that the pulping process has a significant effect on all physical and mechanical properties of produced composites. In general, composites containing chemical pulps showed greater dimensional stability and mechanical strengths but lower water absorption than that of mechanical pulp. Composites containing treated fibers with alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone and soda pulp had the highest mechanical properties and dimensional stability. Composites made from fibers in which hemicelluloses were extracted and then were treated with chemical pulping processes had the highest mechanical strength and dimensional stability among all of samples. The highest mechanical strengths and dimensional stability were observed in composites which were reinforced with treated fibers compared with control samples containing untreated bagasse fibers. In general, the results showed the superior physical and mechanical characteristics for pulp - plastic composites compared with wood flour plastic composites.
Pulp and paper
Mohammad Ahmadi; Mohammad mehdi Faezipoor; Ahmad Jahan latibari; Sahab Hejazi
Abstract
Neutral sulfite semi chemical pulping of Canola residues has been investigated. Canola residues collected from research farm at Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, in Karaj. Chemical composition of Canola residues including cellulose, lignin, extractives soluble in ethanol-acetone ...
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Neutral sulfite semi chemical pulping of Canola residues has been investigated. Canola residues collected from research farm at Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, in Karaj. Chemical composition of Canola residues including cellulose, lignin, extractives soluble in ethanol-acetone and ash were determined using relevant TAPPI standard test methods. Fiber dimensions of Canola residues were also measured. Then neutral sulfite semi chemical pulps were produced from Canola residues applying following conditions: Cooking time at 3 levels(20,40,60min),chemical charge at 5 levels(8,10,12,14,16 %), Cooking temperature was kept constant for all cooks at 175ċ , Na2SO3 to Na2CO3 ratio was 3:1,and liquor to Canola residues at 8:1. Each pulping was repeated tree times. At the end of each cooking, initial defibration was carried out using a laboratory disc refiner. Total yield before defibration and yield after defibration and screened yield were determined. The highest yield (72%) was obtained at treatment combination of and the lowest yield (58.7%) was in treatment of .Both factors, time and chemical charge, had significant effect on yield and increasing these two factors caused lower yield.
Pulp and paper
Abbas Fakhryan roghani; Fardad Golbabaei; Hossein Hosseinkhani; Kamyar Salehi; Saeed Mahdavi; Sabrineh Mohsseni tavakoli
Abstract
In this reseach, chemical, anatomical and pulping properties of 12 years old Populus.triplo of adapting plan and quantity properties of this tree from karaj research station were investigated.The average of fiber length ,diameter ,lumen and thickness of cell wall 1.27 mm ,31.88 um, 23.54 um and 4.22 ...
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In this reseach, chemical, anatomical and pulping properties of 12 years old Populus.triplo of adapting plan and quantity properties of this tree from karaj research station were investigated.The average of fiber length ,diameter ,lumen and thickness of cell wall 1.27 mm ,31.88 um, 23.54 um and 4.22 um and cellulose ,lignin , Ext. and ash %53.74 , %22.87 , %1.8 and %1.5 were measured respectively.The yield and kappa number of pulps between 41.152% - 48% and 18.06 – 25.28 were measured.In 14% and 18% effective alcoholli, tearh index 9.307 mNm²/gr and 10.147 mNm²/gr were obtained.
Pulp and paper
Mehran Roohnia; Ahmad Jahan latibari; Sayed Zyae Aldin Hosseini
Abstract
In this research, pulping of rinds from sunflower seeds by soda process is studied. Fiber length was 0.89 millimeters and its chemical content, contained 40.5% Cellulose, 30.5% Lignin, 3.33% Ash and 1.93% Extractives. Conditions of Soda process were three different soda consummations of (Chemical charge) ...
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In this research, pulping of rinds from sunflower seeds by soda process is studied. Fiber length was 0.89 millimeters and its chemical content, contained 40.5% Cellulose, 30.5% Lignin, 3.33% Ash and 1.93% Extractives. Conditions of Soda process were three different soda consummations of (Chemical charge) 14%, 16% and 18%. Liquor on rinds ratio, was equal to 6, and period of digestion was 30 minutes. Yield and Kappa number on the best choice of conditions of pulping (165 degree of centigrade temperature and 16% soda consumption) were measured respectively 55.7% and 74.96.Using PFImill, four kinds of pulps with four different free nesses were produced from the proper Pulp and were changed to hand sheets. Study on mechanical strength of hand sheets showed that beating has no effect on tear strength from 30 to 40 SR and it reduces this strength after more beating. Practically, no effect was observed on burst strength and breaking length during beating from 30SR to 60SR. This lignocellulose, agricultural residue is a cheap by-product in Sunflower-oil producer factories. Some of them is as a food for live-stocks and some is burned as a source of energy. Because of this, using rind from sunflower seeds in Paper and other cellulosic industries can be useful.
Pulp and paper
Abbas Fakhryan roghani; Abdolrahman Hosseinzadeh; Fardad Golbabaei; Hossein Hosseinkhani
Abstract
Two 22 years old spruce trees (Picea abies) from Picesoon region of Gilan province are investigated. These samples were transferred to the Alborz research center. The physical, anatomical and chemical properties of samples were determined. Dry and critical specific gravity, fiber length, amount of cellulose ...
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Two 22 years old spruce trees (Picea abies) from Picesoon region of Gilan province are investigated. These samples were transferred to the Alborz research center. The physical, anatomical and chemical properties of samples were determined. Dry and critical specific gravity, fiber length, amount of cellulose and lignin were measured at 0.334, 0.306, 3.07 mm, % 59.74 and % 28.94 respectively. Average yield and kappa number of kraft pulp at %16, %18 and % 20 effective alkalis were determined at 48/67%, 44.67%, 45.63% and 46.85, 33.98 and 26.89 respectively. The result of this research indicates that production of suitable pulp from picea abies wood is possible.
Pulp and paper
Abbas Fakhryan roghani; Abdolrahman Hosseinzadeh; Fardad Golbabaei
Abstract
In this study, anatomical, physical, pulping and paper making properties of Eucalyptus microtheca grown in Farse province is investigated. Eight trees were sampled for this study. The average dry and critical specific gravity of 8 samples were measured at 0.85 and 0.88 for heartwood and 0.8 and 0.75 ...
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In this study, anatomical, physical, pulping and paper making properties of Eucalyptus microtheca grown in Farse province is investigated. Eight trees were sampled for this study. The average dry and critical specific gravity of 8 samples were measured at 0.85 and 0.88 for heartwood and 0.8 and 0.75 for sapwood respectively. Mean of fiber length, diameter and cell wall thickness were measured at 0.78 mm, 15.68 mm and 4.560 mm for heartwood respectively. The corresponding figures for sapwood are 0.84 mm, 15.72 mm and 4.88 mm.Pulps were produce by two processes, Kraft (as a chemical process) and NSSC (as a semi-chemical process). Pulp properties of these two processes were compared. Yield and Kappa number of Pulp depend on cooking condition are 36.42-53.25 percent and 21.68-87.68 for Kraft Pulps and 64.59-70.91 percent and 130-189 for NSSC pulp respectively. Physical properties of pulps consist of burst and tear Index and breaking length were measured at 3.90-4.84 kPa.m2/g and 8.34-11.01 mN.m2/g and 5.36-6.94 Km for Kraft Pulps respectively. These properties for NSSC Pulp are 1.72-2.89 kPam2/g, 7.46-8.26 mNm2/g and 4.11-5.14 Km.
