Composite wood products
Sepideh Sasanian; Arash Farajpour Roudsari; Asghar Tabei
Abstract
Background and Objective: In the present era, technological advancement depends on the progress made in the field of materials and the production of composites has been a significant step towards the evolution of engineering materials. By physically combining two or more materials, not only lighter ...
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Background and Objective: In the present era, technological advancement depends on the progress made in the field of materials and the production of composites has been a significant step towards the evolution of engineering materials. By physically combining two or more materials, not only lighter and stronger material are produced, but such new materials replace the traditional materials. This research aims to compare the mechanical and physical properties of composites coated with small glass beads and shells powder, individually and in mixture, and to select the best sample with lighter specific weight, better strength, and easier installation for building facades.Materials and Methods: The samples were prepared using beech wood flour, E-grade glass fibers, ortho unsaturated polyester resin matrix, montmorillonite K10 nanoclay, MEPK, 10% cobalt as a constant factor, Caspian Sea rolling shell (Cerastoderma glaucum) powder, and small glass beads as a variable factor. Specimens were made using the hand lay-up method. Variable percentages of glass beads and shells, or a combination of both, were used on the composite as a gel coat. Fifteen composite blocks with dimensions of 20×30×0.7 cm3 were prepared. The edges of the block were then sanded. The blocks were placed in an oven at 120 degrees centigrade for 2 hours, and after cooling, they were weighed and their dimensions were measured, and then cut to the required sizes, and physical and mechanical properties such as water absorption, thickness swelling, bending, tension, impact, and abrasion were measured using ASTM procedures with three replication. Finally, the specific weight was compared according to national building regulations. For data analysis, the SAS9.6 method was used. The validity and reliability of the test were calculated with 99% accuracy based on the test data and reported as an analysis of variance table using SAS software..Results: The results of this research showed that the sample made from a combination of nanoclay, beech wood flour, glass fibers, and resin with 30% glass beads coating demonstrate increased impact resistance. The more glass beads were added to the coating, the higher the impact resistance of the composite. With a 30% coating using Caspian Sea rolling shell powder, the composite bending and tension strength increased compared to the control sample. The abrasion rate in composites prepared with 30% glass beads and 30% shell powder was lower after 200 cycles of abrasion compared to other samples. The thickness swelling rate after 48 hours of immersion in water was zero. Although the water absorption rate in the samples was very low, it can be said that samples with a higher amount of shell powder had higher water absorption compared to the control sample. The specific weight of the samples with the dimensions of the 20×30×0.7 cm3 was measured as 1211.9 kg/m³. The highest specific weight in the treatments was related to the sample treated with a 30% glass bead layer coded G180SH0 (p=1240 kg/m³), and the lowest specific weight was related to the untreated control sample coded G0SH0 (p=1192 kg/m³). Meanwhile, the lowest specific weight of stone used for building facades belongs to quartz (p=2000 kg/m³).Conclusion: In general, it can be mentioned that the composite prepared with a 30% glass bead coating has better quality in terms of abrasion, impact resistance, strength, and no water absorption compared to other samples. From the relative comparison of the specific weight of the samples, it can also be acknowledged that with an increase in specific weight, the impact and bending strength increases, as seen in the G180SH0 sample. Ultimately, the research objective of preparing a strong and lightweight composite for building facade applications was achieved.
shaghayegh rezanezhad; Hossein Resalati; Seyed Majid Zabihzadeh
Abstract
Biodegradable magnetic nanocomposites of cellulose have been widely used in adsorption of heavy metals from water. In this research, nano magnetic papers were produced by commercial craft long fiber (NMP), magnetic fibers with 1% gluconic acid (NMP / GA 1%), nanocrystalline cellulose (MNCC) as well as ...
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Biodegradable magnetic nanocomposites of cellulose have been widely used in adsorption of heavy metals from water. In this research, nano magnetic papers were produced by commercial craft long fiber (NMP), magnetic fibers with 1% gluconic acid (NMP / GA 1%), nanocrystalline cellulose (MNCC) as well as carboxymethyl cellulose (MCMC), and the adsorbents were used to remove heavy metals of lead (Pb) and nickel (Ni). The nanocomposites were evaluated by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and sample vibration magnetometer (VSM). X-ray diffraction patterns showed that magnetic fibers and composites were successfully produced and the nano magnetite peaks were observed in all samples. Examination of nano magnetite and cellulose nanocrystals showed that most of the particles were in the range of 1 - 19 and 1 - 65 nm, respectively. The highest magnetic saturation was related to the nanocrystalline cellulose magnetic composite. Adsorption samples were examined by a microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometer. The results of lead and nickel adsorption test showed that the NMP / GA 1%, MCMC and control sample adsorbents had highest and lowest amount of lead and nickel adsorption, respectively. Lead metal also has a higher adsorption than nickel with all the adsorbents.
Composite wood products
Hassan Ziaei Tabari; Habibollah Khademieslam; Behzad Bazyar; Amir Homan Hemmasi
Abstract
A new kind of thermoplastic elastomer nano composite reinforced with nano cellulose fibers is reported. The first aim of this investigation was to study the interaction and dispersion of nano cellulose fiber into Pebax matrix. This copolymer is Polyether – b – Amide thermoplastic elastomer ...
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A new kind of thermoplastic elastomer nano composite reinforced with nano cellulose fibers is reported. The first aim of this investigation was to study the interaction and dispersion of nano cellulose fiber into Pebax matrix. This copolymer is Polyether – b – Amide thermoplastic elastomer which is synthetized from renewable resources, and its hydrophilic character allows it to interact with nano cellulose. The interaction and reinforcement effect of nano cellulose at 3 levels of nano cellulose (1%, 3% and 5%) were examined by Scanning electron microscopes (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Mechanical tests (young module, elongation at break and impact resistance). The results achieved from these tests were indicating appropriate effects of nano cellulose fibers for the strong interaction and close contact with polyamide phase of Pebax polymer which caused high mechanical properties (at 3% of nanoellulose) in nano composites. The young module and impact resistance of nano composite were significantly increased.
Composite wood products
Behzad Kord; Mehdi Roohani
Abstract
In this study, the synergic effects of cellulose nanocrystal and nanoclay on the biodegradation and migration behavior of composite films based on polylactic acid (PLA) were investigated. PLA and PLA-based nanocomposite films containing different loads of cellulose nanocrystal ...
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In this study, the synergic effects of cellulose nanocrystal and nanoclay on the biodegradation and migration behavior of composite films based on polylactic acid (PLA) were investigated. PLA and PLA-based nanocomposite films containing different loads of cellulose nanocrystal and nanoclay (0, 3 and 5 wt % each) were fabricated using a solvent casting method. In order to improve the compatibility and miscibility of the whole system with respect to PLA matrix, cellulose nanocrystal was treated with oleic acid. For evaluating the biodegradation and migration behavior of films, the enzymatic degradation, biodegradation, buried in soil and compost; and overall migration were tested. The results indicated that the biodegradability of the composites increased with the increase of nanoparticles in the enzymatic, soil and compost media. Besides, with the addition of cellulose nanocrystal and nanoclay to the polymer matrix, the overall migration of composites decreased. This could be due to a better adhesion of the nanoparticles to the polymer matrix, and the tortuousity of their path.
Composite wood products
Asghar Tabei; Arash Farajpoor Roodsari
Abstract
In this study, effects of the flour of cellulosic shell of Pistachio and nanoclay loading on the physical and mechanical properties of wood plastic composite were investigated. Hence, flour of cellulosic shell of Pistachio, in levels of 30, 40 and 50 and Nano clay of cloisite 15A in three levels (0, ...
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In this study, effects of the flour of cellulosic shell of Pistachio and nanoclay loading on the physical and mechanical properties of wood plastic composite were investigated. Hence, flour of cellulosic shell of Pistachio, in levels of 30, 40 and 50 and Nano clay of cloisite 15A in three levels (0, 3 and 5%) was mixed with Corn starch polymer. Samples were made with a laboratory twin-screw extruder and then injection molding. The heating temperature profile and rotational speed of the screws were set at 180–170–160–160 oC and 60 rpm, respectively. Mechanical properties including tensile and flexural properties as well as notched impact strength and physical properties including water absorption and thickness swelling were measured. The results showed that flexural and tensile strength, water absorption of the samples increased as the flour content increased from 30 to 50% (w/w), but tensile modulus, notched impact resistance and thickness swelling decreased. Furthermore, tensile modulus increased as the Nannoclay content increased from 0 to 5% (w/w). Besides, Flexural and tensile strength, Flexural modulus, notched impact resistance increased as Nannoclay content increased from 0 to 3% (w/w). beyond this limit (to 5% (w/w)), they decreased.Water absorption and thickness swelling of the samples decreased as the Nannoclay content increased from 0 to 5% (w/w).
