Physics and anatomy
Nooshin Toghraie
Abstract
One-year seedlings of five species of eucalypt: E. camaldulensis, E. microtheca, E. viminalis, E. globulus and E. gunnii were treated for 14 weeks in growth season, tilting a branch to c. 60° in every successful ones. We investigated the anatomical features of stems wood after 15 days and every 2 ...
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One-year seedlings of five species of eucalypt: E. camaldulensis, E. microtheca, E. viminalis, E. globulus and E. gunnii were treated for 14 weeks in growth season, tilting a branch to c. 60° in every successful ones. We investigated the anatomical features of stems wood after 15 days and every 2 weeks according to IAWA list of features afterwards.The results showed that tilted stems formed more tension wood in the form of gelatinous fibers than straight (untreated) ones. The formation of gelatinous fibers was considered to be closely related to tension wood formation. The formation of gelatinous fibers was considered to be closely related to tension wood formation. Excluding E. globulus, all the other species formed growth eccentricity and tension wood. Although the significant differences between the species and between different locations in the branches, there were no significant differences between the percent of tension wood among the species studied.
Physics and anatomy
Vahid Safdari
Abstract
Understanding of many wood technological features depends on anatomical characteristics which, unfortunately, researchers in Iran have not focused on recently. There are many trees and shrubs in the desert areas of Dasht-e Kavir and Dasht-e Lut with unstudied woody anatomical features. We studied one ...
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Understanding of many wood technological features depends on anatomical characteristics which, unfortunately, researchers in Iran have not focused on recently. There are many trees and shrubs in the desert areas of Dasht-e Kavir and Dasht-e Lut with unstudied woody anatomical features. We studied one of these species, Calligonum comosum (Polygonaceae). Three mature shrubs were selected and small cubic samples of woody stem and root were taken. Micro-sections were obtained with micro-tome and after dying with Astra-blue and Safranin the sections were mounted in Canada balsam. The results showed that many differences between roots and stems exist, such as distinct growth rings in the stems and indistinct rings in the roots, the presence of gums in the stems and absence in the roots, and lower ray width of the stems compared to the roots, inherent characteristics that have been reported by many other researchers. The most important difference between Calligonum comosum’s roots and stems is parenchyma-like fibers in the thin-walled roots which cannot be distinguished from axial parenchyma. The ground tissue of woody roots is parenchymatous cells full of starches, which probably can be related to the drought situation of deserts. The bark of Calligonum comosum has priderm and sclereid cells which make the bark stiff and hard. Also the result of particleboard of fabricated of Calligonum comosum’s wood showed that boards has at least technical characteristics of European Standard EN 312 and hence the silviculture of this species for stooping of erosion of soil and is suitable species for desertification and its wood can be used for producing of wood based panel.
Management and Economics wood
Reza Oladi; Saeideh Nasiriani; Afshin Danekar
Abstract
From a long time ago, researchers in the fields of wood science, dendroclimatology and tree physiology were interested in variation of tree-ring width and vessel features within a tree. However, mutual relationship and interplay between these anatomical features were less studied. In this regard, the ...
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From a long time ago, researchers in the fields of wood science, dendroclimatology and tree physiology were interested in variation of tree-ring width and vessel features within a tree. However, mutual relationship and interplay between these anatomical features were less studied. In this regard, the main question is whether the pattern of adjustment in wood anatomical traits (tree-ring width and vessel features) is similar in all hardwoods and in every site? Or may the same species chose different strategies in different sites? To answer these questions, two growing sites of black alder (Alnus glutinosa) with completely different micro-climates (dry and brackish) were selected near Astara city. In each site, a few trees were selected, cut or cored. After preliminary treatments, wood cross sections were prepared from the bark to the pith of each tree. These sections were scanned and by using an image analysis software, tree-ring width (TRW), average vessel lumen area (AVLA), number of vessel in the unite of an area (VF), and the porosity (Porosity) of a tree ring were measured in the last 20 annual rings of each tree. To study the inter-relations between variables at each site, they were analyzed using different statistical tests. The results showed that the inter- and mutual-relations between tree-ring width and vessel features were similar in tow studied sites. In brief, it can be concluded that regardless of site and climatic condition, in alder trees, wider tree rings leads to fewer vessels and these two anatomical traits are controlled by the same component but AVLA is affected by a different component and is not associated with the tree-ring width.
Physics and anatomy
vahidreza safdari; shadman Pourmosa
Abstract
The Avicennia tree genus was named in honor of Ibn Sina, a 10th century Persian philosopher and physician known more commonly as Avicenna. In this paper wood anatomical property of Avicennia marina (Acanthaceae) which is one of the most important species of Iranian Mangrove forest has been investigated. ...
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The Avicennia tree genus was named in honor of Ibn Sina, a 10th century Persian philosopher and physician known more commonly as Avicenna. In this paper wood anatomical property of Avicennia marina (Acanthaceae) which is one of the most important species of Iranian Mangrove forest has been investigated. Wood samples were taken from trunk of three adult trees, and and micro -sectioned and dyed by Astrablue and Safranin O and finally mounted by Canada balsam. Also Wood chips (match size) were placed in equal parts of glacial acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide and were put in the oven at 60°C for 48 hours, then counted and stained on microscope slides. The presence of concentric included phloem which is surrounded by lignified conjunctive parenchyma (axial parenchyma) and scleroid bands are the most important anatomical characteristics of Avicenna marina. The variability of anatomical characteristics of Avicennia marina in different references can be attributed to grwoing site condition (altitude and latitude).
Vahid Safdari
Abstract
One of the important families of woody species of Irano-Torani region is Chenpodiaceae which comprises of different woody genus and species and Seidlitzia rosmarinus an specie with vast geographical distribution belongs to this family. Irrespective of its vast spread, the anatomical and other properties ...
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One of the important families of woody species of Irano-Torani region is Chenpodiaceae which comprises of different woody genus and species and Seidlitzia rosmarinus an specie with vast geographical distribution belongs to this family. Irrespective of its vast spread, the anatomical and other properties the specie has not been studied. In order to study the anatomical properties, 6 sound shrubs of Seidlitzia rosmarinus in Ardakan (Yazd, Iran) were harvested and the physical, chemical and anatomical properties of the wood were determined. The anatomical features were determined using light microscope and scanning electron imaging (SEM). Results showed that growth rings boundaries are indistinct; Intrexylary phloem (included phloem) is concentric. Vessels are short (100 µm) and gum–like deposit are present and inter-vessel pits are very tiny. The fiber length is short (334 µm) and fiber wall thickness (2d= 8.4 µm) in comparison to lumen (7.5 µm) is thick. Seidlitzia rosmarinus is anatomically and biometrically similar to Atriplex. The density in normal condition is 0.92 gr/cm3 which categorized the wood as heavy wood and its longitudinal shrinkage and ash content were measured as 5% and 5.5%) respectively.
Physics and anatomy
Hossein Familian; Abdolrahman Hosseinzadeh; Mohammad hassan Asareh; Saeed Mahdavi; Sayed mosa Sadeghi; Kamyar Salehi
Abstract
Ziziphus lotus of the family Rhamnaceae is distributed in the southern region of Iran and considered as one of drought - resistant tree species of the country. This investigation is the first attempt to study wood properties of this species, in order to contribute to a better understanding of it. The ...
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Ziziphus lotus of the family Rhamnaceae is distributed in the southern region of Iran and considered as one of drought - resistant tree species of the country. This investigation is the first attempt to study wood properties of this species, in order to contribute to a better understanding of it. The results of this study revealed that Ziziphus lotus is a diffuse – porous with basic specific gravity medium and medium - textured wood. The length of vessel elements are medium, the diameter of vessel elements is small, porous with pores round to oval, intervessel pilting, opposite and intermediate, 20 vessels per square millimeter, simple perforation plates, vessel - ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape and half bordered; Vascular tracheids present, there are rarely tyloses and Gums in vessels. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits, thin - to thick – walled and fiber lengths short; Parenchyma scanty paratracheal, vasicentric and rarely aliform; Ray uniseriate and sometimes biseriate, ray height is short, rays with procumbent, Square and upright cells mixed throughout the ray and one Prismatic crystals in chambered upright and square ray cells, rays 12 per mm, silica bodies in ray cells; There are 7-10 Schizogenous canals in pith.In this species also percentages of cellulose are high but ash and extractive soluble in acetone content was found to be low.
Physics and anatomy
Nooshin Toghraie; Abdolrahman Hosseinzadeh; Khashayar Keimosa
Abstract
In this research, worked on two juniper trees (Juniperus exelsa L.) in Bakhtiari region as a part of Irano-touranian district. We noted the Sp. Gr. Of wood based on saturated volume 0.52, porosity 64%, volume shrinkage and swelling 10% and 11.3% resp. Anatomical structure and microscopic characteristics ...
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In this research, worked on two juniper trees (Juniperus exelsa L.) in Bakhtiari region as a part of Irano-touranian district. We noted the Sp. Gr. Of wood based on saturated volume 0.52, porosity 64%, volume shrinkage and swelling 10% and 11.3% resp. Anatomical structure and microscopic characteristics had been investigated incidentally. The average length of tracheids 1.3 mm. And the diameter, lumen diameter and thickness of cell wall of tracheids were determined 23.4, 16.3 and 3.5 microns resp. the major pulp indexes are calculated via related formulas.
