Composite wood products
Abbas Tamjidi; Mohamad Mehdi Faezipour; Habibollah Khademi Eslam; Ghanbar Ebrahimi; Kazem DoosthoseinI
Abstract
DOR:98.1000/1735-0913.1398.34.140.66.1.9.1586 In this study, the possibility of three-layered oriented strand board production from hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) wood was evaluated. Two levels of press time (6 and 8 minutes) and three levels of press temperature (180˚C, 200˚C and 220˚C) were applied ...
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DOR:98.1000/1735-0913.1398.34.140.66.1.9.1586 In this study, the possibility of three-layered oriented strand board production from hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) wood was evaluated. Two levels of press time (6 and 8 minutes) and three levels of press temperature (180˚C, 200˚C and 220˚C) were applied and 12 mm thick laboratory boards were made from hornbeam wood. The strands on the surface layers were aligned in the long direction of the board and the middle layer strands are cross aligned to the surface layers. In all treatments, board targeted density of 0/7 g/cm3 and mat moisture content of 7% and phenol-formaldehyde resin (PF) content of 7% based on the oven dry weight of the strands were kept constant. The mechanical and physical properties of the boards were measured as defined in relevant European standards test methods EN 300. The internal bound (IB) and thickness swelling (TS24) of boards were significantly improved as the press time increased from 6 to 8 minutes. The modulus of rupture (MOR) and internal bound (IB) and thickness swelling (TS24) were significantly improved as the press temperature increased from 180˚C to 220˚C. Overall results showed that the highest MOR and IB and the lowest TS24 were achieved at 8 minutes press time and 220˚C press temperature and all boards made from this mentioned conditions exceed the EN 300 standards for MOR, MOE, IB and TS24.
Composite wood products
Farhad Ghotbaldin; Habib alah Khademieslam; Amir Nourbakhsh; Mohammad Talaeipoor
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to study polymerization conditions and important production factors, the amount of resin and press temperature, on physical and mechanical properties of produced boards by urea formaldehyde (UF) and melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) were compared. Purify UF resin (control treatment) ...
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An experiment was conducted to study polymerization conditions and important production factors, the amount of resin and press temperature, on physical and mechanical properties of produced boards by urea formaldehyde (UF) and melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) were compared. Purify UF resin (control treatment) and its mixture with MUF at 25, 50 and 75% proportions in 170 and 180˚C temperature were used to make homogen particle boards. The proportion of resin to particles was 10 percent by dry weight. Other production factors were assumed as fix factors. Eight experimental groups (treatment) with three replications per each were studied. Produced particles were derived from species Alnus subcordata. Physical and mechanical properties measurement prepared samples were based on European EN standard. Examined Physical characteristics were water absorption and thickness swelling and mechanical characteristics were modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and so internal bond. The data were analyzed in completely randomized design with factorial arrangement (4*2). Statistical significances among treatment means were determined by multiple range test of Duncan. The results of this study showed that physical and mechanical properties of boards were improved by increasing the level of MUF resin and temperature. Eventually, with consideration all results and so quality and economical aspects of produced particleboard by MUF resin and its comparison with control group we have concluded that 50 percent of MUF resin and 180 degree centigrade of press temperature are optimal levels.
Composite wood products
Abolfazl Kargarfard; Amir Nourbakhsh
Abstract
AbstractThe objective of the present study was the utilization of cotton stalk residues for medium density fiberboard production. MDF was produced applying Three press temperatures (170, 180, and 190 oC ) and three pressing times (3,4 and 5 minutes) were used to produce medium density fiberboard (MDF) ...
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AbstractThe objective of the present study was the utilization of cotton stalk residues for medium density fiberboard production. MDF was produced applying Three press temperatures (170, 180, and 190 oC ) and three pressing times (3,4 and 5 minutes) were used to produce medium density fiberboard (MDF) from cotton stalks fibers. The properties of the laboratory boards were measured and the results are analyzed applying factorial experiment and randomized design. In case, the statistical difference was observed between the averages, then Duncan Multiple Range Test was used for grouping the averages. The results showed that as either press temperature or press time is increased, the modulus of rupture of the of the boards was significantly improved and the highest value was reached when 190 oC press temperature and 5 minutes press time was applied. The internal bonding of the boards was significantly higher when 180 oC press temperature was applied. The effect of press temperature on thickness swelling after 2 and 24 hours immersion in water was statistically significant and the lowest values were obtained when 190 oC press temperature was used. The results of this study indicated that the cotton stalks can be considered as a potential raw material for medium density fiberboard production and the properties of the boards meets the EN requirements.
Composite wood products
Hossein Hosseinkhani
Abstract
Iran is not rich in forest land and only 7.5 per cent of country covered by forest. So Iran has to import wood based panel annually. It is estimated that 100.000.000 Date Palms trees covered an area at about 770.000 ha around world, and Iran has got 220.000 ha. Because of several reasons Date palm trees ...
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Iran is not rich in forest land and only 7.5 per cent of country covered by forest. So Iran has to import wood based panel annually. It is estimated that 100.000.000 Date Palms trees covered an area at about 770.000 ha around world, and Iran has got 220.000 ha. Because of several reasons Date palm trees should be pruned and each tree produce 10-20 kg residues annually. In this study, for making boards Date Palm pruning residues as raw material and employed UF resin as the binder. Steeming time (5 and 8 Min.), steeming time (135 and 145oC) and press time (1, 2 and 3 Min.) were used as variable factors and three boards were made in Pilot plant scale for each combination of variables. Samples of all made boards were tested by the methods of EN to obtain mean values of bending strength, and Internal bond strength (I.B). In addition samples of each type of board were tested for thickness swelling after soaking in water for 2 hours and 24 hours respectively. The results of this study show clearly that boards have higher mechanical properties than the MDF property requirements which is recommended by EN standard.
Abolfazl Kargarfard
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to utilize rose flower stem residues in the core layer of particleboard. Three press temperatures of 160, 170 and 180 C and five percentages of rose stem pruning (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) in the core layer were used in the production of poplar wood particleboard. Mechanical ...
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The purpose of this study was to utilize rose flower stem residues in the core layer of particleboard. Three press temperatures of 160, 170 and 180 C and five percentages of rose stem pruning (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) in the core layer were used in the production of poplar wood particleboard. Mechanical and physical properties were measured and analyzed applying factorial experiment and complete randomized design.The results indicated that modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of the boards significantly decreased by increasing rose stem particles in the core layer and press temperature did not show any significant effect on MOR and MOE of the boards. However, the addition of rose stem particles in the core layer deteriorated the IB of the boards and the lowest value was attributed to 100% stem residues in core layer. Also, by increasing of rose stem particles in core layer, thickness swelling after 24 hours immersion in water increased significantly and showed irreversible behavior to IB of the boards. The results showed that the incorporation of this residues to particleboard furnish will not reduce the properties of the board and it met the standard requirements. Our finding confirmed that agricultural residues can be used in combination with conventional raw materials in particleboard production.
Abolfazl Kargarfard
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the suitability of the wood produced by adaptable eucalypt species for MDF production. Eucalyptus steriaticalyx fibers were produced using different levels of steaming time (5 and 10 minutes), and then medium density fiberboards were produced using these fibers ...
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The objective of this study was to determine the suitability of the wood produced by adaptable eucalypt species for MDF production. Eucalyptus steriaticalyx fibers were produced using different levels of steaming time (5 and 10 minutes), and then medium density fiberboards were produced using these fibers and one of the two levels of press temperature (175 and 185 ºC) and one of the three levels of press time (3, 3.5 and 4 minutes). Physical and mechanical properties of the panels were measured and analyzed. The results indicated that increasing of steaming time, decreased board MOR. Also press temperature and press time had significant effect on MOR and MOE and as the press temperature and time increased, the MOR and MOE of the boards decreased. Furthermore, results indicated that by increasing steaming time, the thickness swelling of boards reduced. The press temperature had significant effect on thickness swelling of boards and increasing the press temperature reduced the thickness swelling. These results indicate that Eucalyptus steriaticalyx as a fast growing species with acceptable physical and mechanical properties is a suitable lignocellulosic raw material for the production of MDF.
Composite wood products
Abolfazl Kargarfard; Reza Hajihassani; Fatemeh Rezaei
Abstract
In this investigation, 36 laboratory Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) panels were produced using beech wood fibers. Variables were three steaming time (5, 10 and 15 minutes), two press time (4 and 6 minutes) and two resin consumption levels (9 and 11%). The physical and mechanical properties of panels ...
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In this investigation, 36 laboratory Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) panels were produced using beech wood fibers. Variables were three steaming time (5, 10 and 15 minutes), two press time (4 and 6 minutes) and two resin consumption levels (9 and 11%). The physical and mechanical properties of panels were measured and analyzed. The results indicated that the favorite MOR was observed in panels produced through 4 minutes press time, 11% resin consumption and 10 minutes steaming time. Also increase in steaming time to 15 minutes and press time to 6 minutes, caused the MOR and MOE of boards reduced to minimum level. The internal bonding (IB) of boards decreased with steaming and press time increase. However, the panels produced at 25 minutes of steaming time showed minimum of thickness swelling. The results of this investigation indicated that the thickness swelling of boards improved with increase in steaming time. However mechanical properties of boards were higher where the shorter steaming time applied.
Abolfazl Kargarfard; Amir Nourbakhsh; Fardad Golbabaei
Abstract
In this investigation, 36 laboratory medium density fiberboard (MDF) panels were produced using Alder wood fibers. Variables factors were steaming time ( 5, 10 and 15 minutes), press time (4 and 6 minutes) and resin consumption (9 and 11%). The physical and mechanical properties of panels were measured ...
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In this investigation, 36 laboratory medium density fiberboard (MDF) panels were produced using Alder wood fibers. Variables factors were steaming time ( 5, 10 and 15 minutes), press time (4 and 6 minutes) and resin consumption (9 and 11%). The physical and mechanical properties of panels were measured and analyzed. The results indicated that the maximum MOR was observed panels produced applying 6 minutes press time and resin consumption of 11%. The maximum Internal Bonding (IB) was related to panels made employing steaming time of 15 minutes and resin consumption of 11%. However, test panels produced at 6 minutes press time showed minimum of thickness swelling. The results indicated that the MDF boards produced from alder wood fibers exhibit desirable physical & mechanical properties were above than EN standard requirement. Consequently application of alder wood fibers to improve physical & mechanical properties of MDF panels which are produced from nonwood materials and agricaltural residues is recommended.
Composite wood products
Abolfazl Kargarfard; Amir Nourbakhsh; Fardad Golbabaei
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate of possibility of MDF production from successful Eucalyptus Species. Eucalyptus camaldulensis fibers were produced using different levels of steaming time ( 7.5 and 15 minutes), press temprature (170, 180 and 190 ºC ) and press time (3 and ...
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The objective of this study was to investigate of possibility of MDF production from successful Eucalyptus Species. Eucalyptus camaldulensis fibers were produced using different levels of steaming time ( 7.5 and 15 minutes), press temprature (170, 180 and 190 ºC ) and press time (3 and 4 minutes) and used for panel making. Physical and mechanical properties of panels were measured and analyzed. The results indicated that increasing of steaming time, lowered MOR of boards. The press temprature had significant effect on MOR, and with increasing press temprature, MOR increased. Furthermore increasing of steaming time, decreased the IB of boards and increasing steaming time from 7.5 to 15 minutes, decreased IB from 0.787 to 0.533 MPa. Increasing of steaming time, also decreased thickness swelling of boards. However, the results of this study showed that, the MOR and MOE of boards produced from Eucalyptus camaldulensis fibers are around standard level. But in other hand, the internal bonding and thickness swelling of boards are higher than level standard.
Composite wood products
Ali Akrami; Kazem ِDossthoseini; Ahmad Jahan latibari; Mohammad mehdi Faezipoor
Abstract
In this investigation, the effect of paraffin content and press time and temperature on practical properties especially surface roughness of particleboard is studied. The variables such as paraffin content at 0, 1& 2 percent, press temperature at 170° and 180° C and press time of 4 and 5 ...
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In this investigation, the effect of paraffin content and press time and temperature on practical properties especially surface roughness of particleboard is studied. The variables such as paraffin content at 0, 1& 2 percent, press temperature at 170° and 180° C and press time of 4 and 5 minutes were investigated.
Modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, shear strength, water absorption and thickness swelling after 2& 24 hours soaking in water & surface roughness were measured.
The results indicate that there is no significant difference on the influence of paraffin content on either MOR & MOE of the particleboard. But increasing paraffin content decreased shear strength of panels.
However, addition of paraffin reduced water absorption and thickness swelling.
Press temperature had no significant influence on measured properties, but this variables increased surface roughness. Increasing press time, improved MOE, but showed no significant influence on other properties.
Composite wood products
Amir Nourbakhsh; Abdolrahman Hosseinzadeh; Kazem Doosthosseini; Abolfazl Kargarfard; Mazyar Radkyan
Abstract
In this investigation feasibility of Beech slabs in particleboards production were prepared at three different contents resin of 9, 10, and 11 percent, press temperatures of 165°C and 175°C and hardener contents of 1.5 and 2.5 percent.Based on the DIN-68763 standard physical and mechanical properties ...
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In this investigation feasibility of Beech slabs in particleboards production were prepared at three different contents resin of 9, 10, and 11 percent, press temperatures of 165°C and 175°C and hardener contents of 1.5 and 2.5 percent.Based on the DIN-68763 standard physical and mechanical properties including MOR, MOE, IB, and thickness swelling (after 2 and 24 immersion in water) were tested.According to the factorial experimental design at completely random test was analysis. The potential utilization of Beech slabs residues in particleboard production including: resin content (11%), press time (6 min.), press temp. (175°C), and hardener contents (2.5%) were found.
Abolfazl Kargarfard; Abdolrahman Hosseinzadeh; Amir Nourbakhsh; Fardad Golbabaei; Reza Hajihassani
Abstract
In order to investigate the influence of processing variables such as particle drying temperature, press temperature and hardner consumption on wood acidity and bonding performance of UF resin, experimental boards were produced using beech wood particle, drying temperature varied at 80, 110 and 140°C, ...
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In order to investigate the influence of processing variables such as particle drying temperature, press temperature and hardner consumption on wood acidity and bonding performance of UF resin, experimental boards were produced using beech wood particle, drying temperature varied at 80, 110 and 140°C, press temperature at 150, 165 and 180°C and hardner consumption at 1, 1.5 and 2% (based on solid content of UP resin). Eighty one sample boards were produced and tested. The results of physical and mechanical properties measurements were as follows: Modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity of boards produced with particles dried at 80°C were higher than 110 and 140°C. Application of 2% hardener with increasing press temperature decreased MOR and MOE. Internal bonding of boards were measured and the results indicated that drying temperature had significantly effected the IB and boards produced with particles dried at 80 and 140°C, produced highest IE and lowest IE was belong to 110°C. The effect of hardner consumption was statistically significant and the highest IB was belonging to 2% hardner consumption. The results of thickness swelling measurement after 2 hr. soaking in water indicated that T.S2 of boards produced with particles dried at 140°C were the lowest. The combined effect of press temperature and hardner consumption on T.S2 was statistically significant and at 2% hardner consumption with increasing press temperature, increased thickness swelling.
Composite wood products
Ahmad Jahan latibari; Abdolrahman Hosseinzadeh; Taghi Tabarsa
Abstract
In this investigation, the effect of mat moisture content, press temperature and time on polymerization reaction of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin and the strength of UF bonded hornbeam particleboard is studied. Variation of three variables is as followed:
-mat moisture content; 10, 13 and 16% (Based ...
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In this investigation, the effect of mat moisture content, press temperature and time on polymerization reaction of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin and the strength of UF bonded hornbeam particleboard is studied. Variation of three variables is as followed:
-mat moisture content; 10, 13 and 16% (Based on oven dry weight of wood)
-Press temperature; 150, 170 and 190 ᵒC
-Press time; 4, 6, and 8 min.
Fore boards were manufactured for each combination of variables. Modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), Internal bond (IB), water absorption (Wa2 and Wa24) and thickness swelling (Ts2 and Ts24) after 2 and 24 hours immersion in water were determined according to ASTM 1037 standard. All data was analyzed using factorial design. The effect of mat moisture content on MOR was not statically different, but its effect on MOE was statistically different at 5% significance level, and increasing the mat moisture content from 10 to 16% bout MOR & MOE. Highest level of MOE (4262 MPa) corresponds to board pressed at 16% mat moisture content. On the contrary, mat moisture content decreased the IB and lowest value of IB ( 1.447 MPa) corresponds to boards pressed at 16% mat moisture content. The effect of mat moisture content on IB was statistically different at 1% significance level. Increasing mat moisture content decreased water absorption and increased thickness swelling. Lowest Wa2 & Wa24 was observed on boards pressed at 16% mat moisture content (67.35% & 86.78% respectively) and lowest Ts2 & Ts24 was observed on boards pressed at 10% mat moisture content (21.89% & 27.32% respectively). There force for the production of suitable boards, ma moisture content must be kept at 10-13% range.
