Chemistry of wood
Ramin Vaysi
Abstract
Background and aim: As a result of population growth, paper and wood products consumption has increased, and restrictions on using forest wood raw materials initiated the utilization poplar trees as fast-growing spices. The aim of this study was to focus on identification and comparison of the ...
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Background and aim: As a result of population growth, paper and wood products consumption has increased, and restrictions on using forest wood raw materials initiated the utilization poplar trees as fast-growing spices. The aim of this study was to focus on identification and comparison of the phenolic chemical components in poplar woods (Populus nigra and Populus deltoides).
Materials and methods: In this study, three trees from each poplar tree were randomly felled in plantation near Nowshar, Iran. Then three discs were cut from each log. At first, wood was grounded and then wood flour extractive were measured using TAPPI standard procedure. Wood flour was extracted by acetone and extractives residue was added to BSTFA reactor and samples were kept in constant temperature bath at 70oC for an hour. The extractive samples were then analyzed by GC/MS. The compounds were identified using GC diagram which shows abundance and retention time of each compound, and calculation of quartz index and Adams table.
Results: The result of GC-MS showed that there exist 68 and 105 compounds in wood of Populus nigra and Populus detoides, respectively. di-Limonene (30.26%), bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (10.07%), Gamma-Sitosterol (1.06%), Hexadecanoic acid (2.0%), gamma-Terpinene (4.02%) and 4-Hydroxy-Benzoic acid (3.62%) were the most important compounds in wood of Populus detoides. There were the Limonene (25.62%), Anymol (5.29%), gamma-Terpinene (3.38%), 1, 2-Benzandicarboxylic acid (2.00%) and bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (0.68%) as the most important compounds in wood of Populus nigra.
Conclusion: The gas chromatographs showed that Limonene, Benzene methanol, alpha-Terpineol, beta-Bisabolene, Hexadecanoic acid and bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate were the 7 common compounds in the wood of Populus nigra and Populus deltoides. These compounds can play an important role in the durability and consumption of these woods.
Management and Economics wood
Saeed Hasani; Seid Khalil Hosseini Hashemi; Ramin Farsi; Ahmad Jahan Latibari
Abstract
AbstractAmong the forest diseases, fungi are the most important factors that cause irreparable losses to the wood in standing trees and logs. Fungi are the cause of contamination and decay of trees and timbers in forest or in the stock of factories. Decayed woods are one of the biomass resources and ...
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AbstractAmong the forest diseases, fungi are the most important factors that cause irreparable losses to the wood in standing trees and logs. Fungi are the cause of contamination and decay of trees and timbers in forest or in the stock of factories. Decayed woods are one of the biomass resources and a great amount of decayed woods in the forests are not viable. In this study some experiments were conducted in order to investigate the effect of Coriolus versicolor decay on compounds obtained from beech wood (Fagus orientalis L.) pyrolysis and preparation of various and valuable chemicals. Separation and identification of chemical compounds in sound wood and decayed wood of beech was conducted by using pyrolysis method at 500° C and in nitrogen atmosphere. Separation and identification of extracted chemical compounds was carried out using sailylation of these compounds by N, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide and also using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry method. Totally, 23 compounds were identified in sound beech wood which most of these compounds, in this temperature, are related to 2,6-dimethoxyphenol and 3-hidroxy-4-methoxy benzoic acid; and 31 compounds were detected in decayed beech wood that most of them are related to Cyclononasiloxane octadecamethy and 4-(3,4-Dimethoxybenzylidene)-1-(4-nitrophenyl) and also 17 compounds were detected the same in sound and decayed wood.
Ramin Vaysi
Abstract
Sweet locust and False Acacia are important species of northern forests region with wood having good durability. In this study, three disks from each species were randomly cut in Nowshahr forest region. For homogenous sampling, first wood flour was prepared from each disk according to TAPPI ...
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Sweet locust and False Acacia are important species of northern forests region with wood having good durability. In this study, three disks from each species were randomly cut in Nowshahr forest region. For homogenous sampling, first wood flour was prepared from each disk according to TAPPI standards and then mixed together. Acetone was used to remove extractives from both Sweet locust and False acacia wood flour. Extracts were analyzed by GC/MS. For the identification of compounds, GC diagram which shows abundance and retention time of each compound and calculation of quartz index and Adams table were used. The results showed that there are almost 150 compounds in False Acacia wood, and among them Resorcinol(19.47%),1,3-Benzendiol(6.92%) ,Stigma sterol (5.45%), 9-Octadecenoic acid(3.55%),1H-Imidazol(3.08%),Gamma-sitosterol (2.77%) and Gamma-Terpinene(0.22%) were the predominant compounds. There are 37 compounds in Sweet locust wood, that 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid (90.38%),Stigmast-4-en-3-one(2.62%),Resorcinol(1.07%),Silicon grease (0.73%), Gibberellins A3(0.14%) and Phenol(0.09%) were important compounds. Resorcinol and 1, 2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid occurs both in Sweet locust and False acacia woods. The presence of high percentage of Resorcinol (20%) in Sweet locust and 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid (90.38%) in False acacia are attributed for the durability of these species.
