Mohammad Reza topa esfandiyari; Mohammad Talaei poor; Habibollah Khademi Eslam; Seeyed Ahmad Mirshokraie; behzad baziyar
Abstract
This study uses soda lignin to modify it with furfural as adhesive on the physical and mechanical properties of plywood Poplar wood. Producing plywood, pure Lignin (L.100%), lignin-furfural 30% (L.70-F.30), lignin- furfural 60% (L.40-F.60) were used as the adhesive at three different levels ( 120 140 ...
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This study uses soda lignin to modify it with furfural as adhesive on the physical and mechanical properties of plywood Poplar wood. Producing plywood, pure Lignin (L.100%), lignin-furfural 30% (L.70-F.30), lignin- furfural 60% (L.40-F.60) were used as the adhesive at three different levels ( 120 140 160gm2) accompanied with ammonium chloride (1%) as the hardener and wheat flour (30%) as the filler based on the dry weight of the adhesive. Plates made with urea formaldehyde resin at 160 g/m2 were produced as control samples. characteristics of adhesives included solid material percentage, viscosity, specific weight and PH were measured. After producing the laboratory boards, the physical and mechanical properties of samples, such as thickness swelling after 2 and 24 hours of being soaked in water, shear strength, modulus of rupture, and modulus of elasticity were measured. The results indicate that independent and interactive effects of adhesive and its consumption level on the physical and mechanical properties of plywood are not statistically significant. And in all cases, the control boards had better properties than the lignin adhesives
Chemical conversion
Niloufar Davodi; Esmaeil Rasooly Garmaroody; Omid Ramezani; Sepideh Haamedi
Abstract
In this study, in order to control the inhibitory compounds in the bio-refinery, bagasse pith was pretreated under acidic hydrolysis with dilute sulfuric acid 8%, 90 minutes at 120 ° C. Then, by using de-depleting methods of overliming, activated carbon and combining of both, removal of deterrent ...
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In this study, in order to control the inhibitory compounds in the bio-refinery, bagasse pith was pretreated under acidic hydrolysis with dilute sulfuric acid 8%, 90 minutes at 120 ° C. Then, by using de-depleting methods of overliming, activated carbon and combining of both, removal of deterrent compounds from the above pretreatment hydrolyzates was performed. In the overliming, calcium hydroxide and sulfuric acid, in activated carbon method, activated carbon was used at three levels (0.5, 1.5 and 2.5%) and in the combined method of the combination of materials in the two previous methods became after acid treatments and each of the methods of insemination, the amount of recovered sugars and the values of the inhibitory compounds of furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural in the hydrolyzate were measured as two important indicators. The results showed that application of the above methods on hydrolyzate increased the yield of reduced sugars, so that the highest sugar yield (˃32%) was obtained after the independent method of overliming. In addition, active and combined carbon autonomous methods (overlimming and activated carbon) have an optimum activated carbon consumption of 2.5 and 1.5%, respectively. The qualitative study of the presence of inhibitory agents in hydrolyzates showed that furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural have maximum absorption at wavelengths of 276 and 282 nm. Also, an overliming with 2.5% activated carbon as the best method could eliminate up to 100% of inhibitory compounds. On the other hand, the autonomous method of overliming, with the removal of ˃90% of the inhibitory compounds, also has the highest sugar yield. Therefore, taking into account simultaneously the rate of sugar yield and the elimination of deterrent compounds, two independent alternatives of Overliming and Overliming with 2.5% active carbon could be proposed for the production of bioassays, such as bioethanol, xylitol, ... from the pith of bagasse.
