Assessment of the Biodegradability of Poly-Lactic Acid - Canola stem flour Composites against Natural Biological Factors

Dehghan, Moein; Ahmadi Ladjimi, Ali; Dahmardeh, Habib

doi:10.22092/ijwpr.2019.123533.1497

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ Department of wood and paper science and Technology, University of Tehran.

² Wood and Paper Science and Technology Department, University of Tehran

https://doi.org/10.22092/ijwpr.2019.123533.1497

Abstract

DOR:98.1000/1735-0913.1398.34.63.66.1.1575.1610
In the present research the biodegradability Properties of poly-lactic acid-canola stem flour composites in three levels of 25, 35, and 45% canola stem flour made by compression molding technique were studied . In order to study the biocompatibility behavior of the composite, three methods of biological degradation were used for Trametes versicolor and Gloeophyllum trabeum fungi, long-term water absorption and composites burial in the soil for 4 months. The results of statistical analyzes showed that the amount of composites weight loss increased against the degradation by fungi and burial in the soil by increasing the amount of rapeseed canola stem flour while pure poly-lactic acid had a very high durability against these factors. In addition, there was no effect on the weight loss of samples in the long run leach test so that the weight of composites and poly- lactic acid samples was constantly increasing and there was no effect on weight and thickness loss. The growth of myceliums fungi was clearly detectable and detectable in reviewing the images of electron microscopy from the fracture properties of composites, unlike poly-lactic acid so that fungi crossed their polymer into rapeseed shoot flour and reduced the weight of the composites. The results of the FTIR spectroscopy on poly-lactic acid prepared before and after exposure to the Gloeophyllum trabeum fungus confirmed the validity of the above results. According to the results of this study, poly-lactic acid, as a biodegradable polymer, has been shown to be very durable against degradation by natural biological agents.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Composite wood products

References

ASTM D 7031-04 2005. Standard Guide for Evaluating Mechanical and Physical Properties of Wood-Plastic Composite Products.

ASTM D-6400-04., 2004. Standard Specification for Compostable Plastics, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA,

Chotirat, L., Chaochanchaikul, K., and Sombatsompop, N., 2007. On adhesion mechanisms and interfacial strength in acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene/wood sawdust composites. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives. 27(8): 669-678.‏

EN 113, 1978. Wood Preservatives-determination of the Toxic Values against Wood Destroying Basidiomycetes Cultured on Agar Medium.

Enayati, A.A., Hamzeh, Y., Mirshokraiei, S.A., and Molaii, M., 2009. Papermaking potential of canola stalks. BioResources, 4(1): 245-256.‏

Fabiyi, S., Morrell, J., and Freitag, C., 2011. Effects of wood species on durability and chemical changes of fungal decayed wood plastic composites. Composites: Part A, 42(5): 501-510.

Hakkarainen, M., 2002. Aliphatic polyesters: abiotic and biotic degradation and degradation products. In Degradable aliphatic polyesters. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.‏

Herrera-Estrada, L., Pillay, S., and Vaidya, U., 2008. Banana fiber composites for automotive and transportation applications automotive. Composites Conference and Exhibition. P.18

Jarerat, A., and Tokiwa, Y. 2001. Degradation of poly (L‐lactide) by a fungus. Macromolecular Bioscience, 1(4): 136-140.

La Mantia, F.P., and Morreale, M., 2011. Green composites: a brief review. Composites part A, Applied Science and Manufacturing, 42(6): 579-588.‏

Levit, MR., Farrel, RE., Gross, RA., and McCarthy, SP., 1996. Composites based on poly(lactic acid) and cellulosic fibrous materials: mechanical properties and biodegradability. Spe Antec, 54(2): 1387-91.

Meinander, K., Niemi, M., Hakola, J.S., and Selin, J.F., 1997. Polylactides‐degradable polymers for fibres and films. In Macromolecular Symposia, 123 (1): 147-153.

Mohanty, A.K., Misra, M., Drzal, L.T., Selke, S.E., Harte, B.R., and Hinrichsen, G., 2005. Natural Fibers, Biopolymers, and Biocomposites: An Introduction. Natural Fibers, Biopolymers and Biocomposites, Taylor and Francis: Boca Raton.‏

Mohanty, A.K., Misra, M., Hinrichsen, G., 2000. Biofibers, biodegradable polymers and biocomposites: an overview. Macromolecular materials and Engineering, 276(1): 1-24.‏

Morrell, J.J., Stark, N.M., Pendleton, D.E., and McDonald, A.G,. 2006. Durability of Wood-Plastic Composites. Wood Design Focus, 16(3): 7-10.

Oksman, K., Skrifvars, M., and Selin, J.F., 2003. Natural fibres as reinforcement in polylactic acid (PLA) composites. Composites Science and Technology. 63(9): 1317-1324.

Shen, L., Worrell, E., and Patel, M., 2010. Present and future development in plastics from biomass. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 4(1): 25-40.‏

Shogren, R. L., Doane, W. M., Garlotta, D., Lawton, J. W., and Willett, J. L., 2003. Biodegradation of starch/polylactic acid/poly (hydroxyester-ether) composite bars in soil. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 79(3): 405-411.

Unger, A., Schniewind, A., and Unger, W., 2001. Conservation of wood artifacts: a handbook. Springer Science and Business Media. 790p.

Urayama, H., Kanamori, T., and Kimura, Y., 2002. Properties and biodegradability of polymer blends of poly (l‐lactide) s with different optical purity of the lactate units. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering. 287(2): 116-121.

Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research

Assessment of the Biodegradability of Poly-Lactic Acid - Canola stem flour Composites against Natural Biological Factors

References

References

Volume 34, Issue 1 - Serial Number 66
April 2019
Pages 50-61

Assessment of the Biodegradability of Poly-Lactic Acid - Canola stem flour Composites against Natural Biological Factors

References

References

Volume 34, Issue 1 - Serial Number 66April 2019Pages 50-61

Volume 34, Issue 1 - Serial Number 66
April 2019
Pages 50-61