Composite wood products
Abbas Tamjidi; Mohammad Mehdi Faezipour; Kazem Doosthoseini; Ghanbar Ebrahimi; Habibollah Khademieslam
Abstract
In this study, the effects of mat moisture content and press temperature on physical and mechanical properties of three layered oriented strand boards were evaluated. Two levels of mat moisture content 7% and 10% and three levels of press temperature 180 ˚c , 200 ˚c and 220 ˚c were applied and 12 ...
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In this study, the effects of mat moisture content and press temperature on physical and mechanical properties of three layered oriented strand boards were evaluated. Two levels of mat moisture content 7% and 10% and three levels of press temperature 180 ˚c , 200 ˚c and 220 ˚c were applied and 12 mm in nominal thickness laboratory boards were made from mixture of three clones of ten-year-old hybrid poplar ( populous euramericana vernirubensis, p. e. I-214, P. e. 561/41) while the strands on the surface layers are aligned in the long direction of the board and the middle layer strands are cross aligned to the surface layers. In all treatments, board targeted density of 0/7 g/cm3 and press time of 8 min and phenol-formaldehyde resin (PF) content of 7% based on the oven dry weight of the strands were held constant. The mechanical and physical properties of the boards were measured as defined in relevant European standards EN 300 for OSB/1 and OSB/2. Overall results showed that all boards made from above mentioned conditions exceed the EN 300 standards for MOR, MOE, IB and TS24. The bending properties (MOR and MOE) of boards were significantly improved as the mat moisture content increased from 7 to 10%. The highest MOR was achieved at 10% mat moisture content and 220 ˚c press temperature and the highest MOE was achieved at 10% mat moisture content and 180 ˚c press temperature. The Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and Thickness swelling (TS24) were significantly improved as the press temperature increased from 180 ˚c to 220 ˚c. The lowest TS24 was achieved at 7% mat moisture content and 220 ˚c press temperature and the highest IB was achieved at 7% mat moisture content and 200 ˚c press temperature.
Kazem Dosthosseini; robab ghafari
Abstract
In this research, the effect of increasing content of urea to urea-formaldehyde adhesive on physical and mechanical properties of poplar wood particleboard was investigated. The content of urea added to the adhesive four levels (zero, 4.1, 8.2 and 16 % based on the solid content of adhesive) and ...
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In this research, the effect of increasing content of urea to urea-formaldehyde adhesive on physical and mechanical properties of poplar wood particleboard was investigated. The content of urea added to the adhesive four levels (zero, 4.1, 8.2 and 16 % based on the solid content of adhesive) and two press temperatures of 170 and 180° C as the variable factors were selected. Boards with density of 0.63 gr/cm3 and 10% of the adhesive dosage were made. Mechanical properties including modulus of rupture (MOR), internal bond (IB) and physical properties including water absorption and thickness swelling were measured. Results showed that urea addition to urea formaldehyde adhesive improved the mechanical strengths of the board especially internal bonding reduced the water absorption and thickness swelling. Also, the impact of press temperature on mechanical and physical properties of boards was noticeable and boards produced applying press temperature of 170° C were superior.
Ali akbar Enayati; Hossein Nazerani hoshmand; Kazem Dost hosseini; Ahmad Jahan latibari; Sohrab Rahimi
Abstract
In order to study the optimum manufacturing conditions of wood sawdust-cement perforated blocks, sawdust of headrige saw was mixed with portland cement type II, and then perforated blocks were molded from this mixture. The mixture ratios of sawdust to cement were selected as 28:72, 35:65 and 42:58, ...
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In order to study the optimum manufacturing conditions of wood sawdust-cement perforated blocks, sawdust of headrige saw was mixed with portland cement type II, and then perforated blocks were molded from this mixture. The mixture ratios of sawdust to cement were selected as 28:72, 35:65 and 42:58, respectively. CaCl2 (Calcium chloride) or MgCl2 (Magnesium chloride) at two levels (3%,5% based on the weight of the cement) were used as additives. The results of physical (thickness swelling after 2 and 24 hours soaking in water) and mechanical (compressive strength) properties of the blocks revealed that varying the sawdust to cement ratio imparted differences in physical and mechanical properties of the blocks. The blocks with sawdust to cement ratio of 42:58 showed the highest compressive strength and blocks with sawdust to cement ratio of 28:72 showed the lowest thickness swelling. It was observed that the type of additive did not impose any significant effect on physical and mechanical properties of blocks. Whereas the effect of MgCl2 level on the properties was significant
Composite wood products
Mohammad Farajalah poor; Kazem Dosthosseini
Abstract
Effects of mat moisture content (MC) and Cu nanoparticles on heat transfer and physical and mechanical properties of poplar particleboard were investigated. Three levels of mat moisture content (9, 12 and 15%. based on oven dried wood particles) and two levels of Cu nanoparticles (0 and 15% based on ...
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Effects of mat moisture content (MC) and Cu nanoparticles on heat transfer and physical and mechanical properties of poplar particleboard were investigated. Three levels of mat moisture content (9, 12 and 15%. based on oven dried wood particles) and two levels of Cu nanoparticles (0 and 15% based on oven dried resin) were selected as variable factors. Results indicated that mechanical properties of particleboard improved as MC increases. Cu nanoparticles accelerated the heat transfer from the surface layer to the core layer of the mat and subsequently increased the internal bonding. This positive effect was evident as MC increased. Water absorption and thickness swelling increased as either MC or Cu nanoparticles content was raised. It was observed that the efficiency of Cu nanoparticles on heat transfer was superior at higher MC. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) determination revealed that the presence and very well dispersion of Cu nanoparticles in glue line.
Babak Mirzaei; Kazem Dosthosseini
Abstract
Lignocellulosic material used as raw material in pulp and paper production due to major chemical alterations produce different waste compounds and composite manufacturing is an area providing the opportunity to utilize such wastes. In order to investigate the feasibility of using papermaking sludge in ...
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Lignocellulosic material used as raw material in pulp and paper production due to major chemical alterations produce different waste compounds and composite manufacturing is an area providing the opportunity to utilize such wastes. In order to investigate the feasibility of using papermaking sludge in composite production, four combinations of wood flour/ papermaking sludge/ high density polyethylene ratio were formulated, then composite panels were made and the physical properties of manufactured panels were evaluated. The content of maleated polyethylene (MAPE) and the polymer was constant 2% and 38% respectively, for all formulations. The results indicated that long term water absorption in particular thickness swelling decreased with increasing sludge content. Furthermore, moisture diffusion coefficient of samples containing 30% sludge and 30% wood flour was more than others. The results revealed that using papermaking sludge can be an alternative option for lignocellulosic raw material.
Composite wood products
Hamid Hatefnia; Ali akbar Enayati; Kazem Dost hosseini; Mohammad Azadfallah
Abstract
Poplar wood chips were treated by steaming in different conditions. The chemical composition changes of milled wood were studied. The obtained results indicate hemicelluloses degradation, reduction of acetyl groups and formation of organic acid during the treatment. It was also found that steam treatment ...
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Poplar wood chips were treated by steaming in different conditions. The chemical composition changes of milled wood were studied. The obtained results indicate hemicelluloses degradation, reduction of acetyl groups and formation of organic acid during the treatment. It was also found that steam treatment has led to degradation of low-molecular lignin units, decrease in cellulose amorphous regions, increase of acetone extractives and hot water solubility as well as one percent sodium hydroxide solubility. The FT-IR spectra indicated a structural change of aromatic polymers in the wood, cleavage of the acetyl group of hemicelluloses and formation of organic acid.
Composite wood products
Hamid Hatefnia; Aliakbar Enayati; Kazem Dosthosseini; Mohammad Azadfalah
Abstract
In this research the effect of steam pretreatment on the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard were evaluated. Steam pre-treatment was applied on the particles of poplar wood in a stainless steel reactor at four different temperature (155, 165, ...
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In this research the effect of steam pretreatment on the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard were evaluated. Steam pre-treatment was applied on the particles of poplar wood in a stainless steel reactor at four different temperature (155, 165, 175 and 185 ◦C) and three different retention time (15, 30 and 45 min). The obtained results indicated that mechanical properties include MOR and IB content of the particleboard decreased, whereas MOE increased initially then decreased with severity of treatment conditions. The physical properties of the board i.e. thickness swelling, water absorption and consequently dimensional stability were improved by steam pretreatment. The observed changes can be attributed to reduction in hemicelluloses content and hydroxyl groups within wood component.
Management and Economics wood
Kazem Dost Hosseini; Maryam Ghorbani kobandeh; Samira Mohammad ali bighi; Alinaghi Karimi
Abstract
This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of acetylation and the resin type on three layered populus particleboard against white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor. Populus particles were acetylated at three levels of acetyl content (WPG of 0, 8.39% and 17.27%). In manufacturing of single and ...
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This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of acetylation and the resin type on three layered populus particleboard against white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor. Populus particles were acetylated at three levels of acetyl content (WPG of 0, 8.39% and 17.27%). In manufacturing of single and three layered boards with acetylated particles two type of resin, urea formaldehyde and isocyanate( as adhesives) were employed.
The results indicated positive role of acetylation in reducing decay rate. Weight loss of boards made from isocyanate was less than the boards containing urea formaldehyde resin. Also, three layered boards showed higher resistance against the fungus compared with single layered boards.
Pulp and paper
Babak Mirzaei; Kazem Dos hosseini; Esmaeil Ghasemi; Yahya Hamzeh
Abstract
In this study two types of paper sludge, prepared by Mazandaran wood and paper company and Latif papermaking company along with wood flour utilized as plastic filler in polypropylene and high density polyethylene based composites. Weight percentage ratio of coupling agent, polymer and filler were kept ...
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In this study two types of paper sludge, prepared by Mazandaran wood and paper company and Latif papermaking company along with wood flour utilized as plastic filler in polypropylene and high density polyethylene based composites. Weight percentage ratio of coupling agent, polymer and filler were kept constant 2%, 38%, and 60% in all formulations, respectively and composites were prepared by varied ratios of paper sludge and wood flour include 0: 60, 40: 20, 20: 40, and 60:0. Density, water absorption and thickness swelling of injection molded composites then measured. The results indicated the gradual substitution of wood flour by paper sludge increases the density of composites, and improves their water absorption and thickness swelling. The ratio of paper sludge to wood flour had statistically significant difference on all these properties, but the paper sludge type showed statistical difference just on the density of composites. Further to that, polypropylene based composites demonstrated lower density, water absorption and thickness swelling compared to high density polyethylene based ones.
Kazem Dosthosseini; Bita Moezi poor
Abstract
Utilization of date palm and kenaf fibers for reinforcement of plywood was investigated and after making plywood with layers of horn beam wood (Carpinus betulus), physical and mechanical properties were analyzed. Variables were the type of fiber (kenaf and date palm), the type of filler (wheat flour ...
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Utilization of date palm and kenaf fibers for reinforcement of plywood was investigated and after making plywood with layers of horn beam wood (Carpinus betulus), physical and mechanical properties were analyzed. Variables were the type of fiber (kenaf and date palm), the type of filler (wheat flour and waste paper) and the content of resin (150 and 200 g/m2). The results of this study show that utilization of kenaf and date palm fibers was effective in improvement of physical and mechanical properties of plywood. The mean of specific gravity for reinforced plywood with kenaf and date palm fibers was 0.723 and 0.739 g/cm3 respectively and specific gravity of control was 0.656 g/cm3. The least water absorption and thickness swelling were about reinforced boards with kenaf fibers and 200 g/m2 resin with wheat flour filler .The reinforced boards with kenaf fibers and 150g/m2 resin with wheat flour filler have the best mechanical properties. So the kenaf fibers for reinforcement of properties of plywood were better than date palm fibers and the utilization of wheat flour in manufacture of these boards had better results compared to waste paper filler.
Composite wood products
Kazem Dost hosseini; Bita Moezipoor
Abstract
The possibility waste paper (writing paper and newsprint) and old corrugated carton (OCC) utilization as a filler of urea formaldehyde resin onplywood manufacturing was investigated. Theeffect of type of filler as a variable factor on applicable properties i.e. water absorption and swelling after 2 and ...
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The possibility waste paper (writing paper and newsprint) and old corrugated carton (OCC) utilization as a filler of urea formaldehyde resin onplywood manufacturing was investigated. Theeffect of type of filler as a variable factor on applicable properties i.e. water absorption and swelling after 2 and 24 hours, bending strength parallel and perpendicular to grain and shear strength on the interface was evaluated and the results were analyzed. The results of this study showed that utilization of waste paper and old corrugated carton as the filler decreased the water absorption and swelling and improved their mechanical properties. Since this materials caused to promote adhesion and improved the urea formaldehyde resin bond, it can be inferred that waste paper and old carton can act as an extender on the resin binding process.
Pulp and paper
Yahya Hamzeh; Babak Mirzaei; Kazem Dost hosseini; Alireza Ashori; Kambiz Rashedi; Alyeh olfat
Abstract
Characteristics of pulp and paper mill solid wastes depend generally on the raw materials, stock preparation process as well as wastewater treatment plant. In order to determine the best application of paper mill solid wastes, physicochemical properties of solid waste produced in the Mazandaran Wood ...
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Characteristics of pulp and paper mill solid wastes depend generally on the raw materials, stock preparation process as well as wastewater treatment plant. In order to determine the best application of paper mill solid wastes, physicochemical properties of solid waste produced in the Mazandaran Wood and Paper Industry Co. and Latif Paper Co. were analyzed. The dry content, pH, fiber dimensions, composition of organic and inorganic compounds of the both solid were analyzed. The dry content of the produced wastes in Latif and Mazandran were determined as 69.3 and 36.7 percent, respectively. The pH of both wastes was close to neutral (pH/7.0). The fiber length of Latif and Mazandaran wastes were 1.68 and 1.08 mm, respectively. In addition, the total amount of carbohydrates, glucose and mannose quantity in the Latif waste were determined as 48.09, 29.5 and 7.2 percent that were higher than that of Mazandaran waste. In the contrary, the lignin, xylose and galactose content of Mazandaran waste were determined as 15.3, 17.3 and 3.7 percent that were higher than those of Latif waste. The mineral content of Latif and Mazandarn wastes were determined 44.7 and 39.5 percent, respectively. XRF analyses revealed that the predominant elements in the incinerated ash of both wastes contained calcium oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon oxidethat can be used as raw material for lightweight concrete and zeolite synthesis.
Composite wood products
Kazem Dost hosseini; Farank Mohammad kazemi
Abstract
In this research the physical and mechanical properties of 3-layer particleboard manufactured by bagasse and forest wood particles have been studied. The amount of raw material and the type of adhesive were variation factors. First the effect of raw material on physical and mechanical properties has ...
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In this research the physical and mechanical properties of 3-layer particleboard manufactured by bagasse and forest wood particles have been studied. The amount of raw material and the type of adhesive were variation factors. First the effect of raw material on physical and mechanical properties has been evaluated in the six treatments. 60-40% and 80-40% treatments (bagasse-wood particles), regarding to bending strength, modulus of elasticity, internal bending strength, water absorption and thickness swelling after 2 & 24 hours soaking in water, have been selected as optimum treatments. Then the effect of types of adhesive on optimum treatments has been evaluated. The achieved results show that the particleboards manufactured by isocyanate adhesive have the highest MOE and lowest water absorption and thickness swelling after 2 & 24 hours soaking in water. In this research, according to the results of analysis of variance and the interception effect of raw material and type of adhesive on physical & mechanical properties of particleboards, 80-20% treatment (bagasse-wood particles) with isocyanate adhesive have been selected as preferable treatment
Physics and anatomy
Kazem Dost hosseini; Hamideh Abdolzadeh
Abstract
The feasibility of using of wood and old corrugated container (OCC) fibers on the surface layers of particleboards was investigated. The kind of applied furnish at surface layers, the moisture and adhesive content were considered as variables and their effects on hardness and roughness of manufactured ...
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The feasibility of using of wood and old corrugated container (OCC) fibers on the surface layers of particleboards was investigated. The kind of applied furnish at surface layers, the moisture and adhesive content were considered as variables and their effects on hardness and roughness of manufactured particleboards were examined. The results indicated that the application of both wood fibers and OCC on the surface layers of particleboard resulted in improving surface quality. The moisture and adhesive contents at high levels led to improved surface quality. The control samples with 10% adhesive and 14% moisture content yielded more hardness than the other. The smoothest surfaces appeared on the particleboards manufactured with wood and OCC fibers as well as 14% moisture content and 12% adhesive.
Pulp and paper
Pyvand Darabi; Hamideh Abdolzadeh; Ali naghi Karimi; Seeyed Ahmad Mirshokraie; Kazem Doosthoseini
Abstract
In this study capability of acetylated poplar flour in manufacture of high density poly ethylene composite which expose to accelerated weathering, was investigated. The acetylation degrees at medium and zero (control) levels, use of anti- oxidant and duration of weathering were considered as variables ...
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In this study capability of acetylated poplar flour in manufacture of high density poly ethylene composite which expose to accelerated weathering, was investigated. The acetylation degrees at medium and zero (control) levels, use of anti- oxidant and duration of weathering were considered as variables and their effects on discoloration and photodegradation of WPC were investigated. To determine treatments influence on changes and color fade resulting from weathering, samples were tested after o, 250, 2000 hours of weathering. The results indicated that application of acetylated wood flour in WPC can reduce about 25% of weathering discoloration in short time and about 17% in long time. Also it shows that as exposed time of weathering increase Anti oxidant loss its effect. Although in short time it can reduce 12% of weathering color changes. FTIR results show that after 2000 h of weathering all peaks samples had same decrease which mean none of the treatments were useful. But Anti oxidant can reduce depth of weathering.
Management and Economics wood
Hamideh Abdolzadeh; Kazem Doost hosseini
Abstract
The capability of acetylated poplar particles with isocyanate resinin manufacturing particleboard was investigated. The acetylation degrees at high, medium, and zero (control) levels and type of resin (isocyanate and urea formaldehyde) were considered as variables. Then the effects of these variables ...
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The capability of acetylated poplar particles with isocyanate resinin manufacturing particleboard was investigated. The acetylation degrees at high, medium, and zero (control) levels and type of resin (isocyanate and urea formaldehyde) were considered as variables. Then the effects of these variables on practical properties of manufactured boards were investigated. The results indicated that use of isocyanate resin in board with acetylated particles not only caused to improve dimensional stability of manufactured boards but also caused to increase its mechanical Strength in comparison with blank with urea formaldehyde resin. Increasing acetylation degree caused to decrease the studied boards of the mechanical properties and enhance their dimensional stability. Although on board with isocyanate resin, increasing dimensional stability in comparison with blank is the highest. Particleboards with isocyanate resin indicated less water absorption and thickness swelling in comparison with blanks with urea formaldehyde resin after immersing in water for 2 and 24 hours.
Composite wood products
Amir Nourbakhsh; Kazem Dosthosseini; Abolfazl Kargarfard; Fardad Golbabaei; Reza Hajihassani
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of production variables on physical and strength properties of air-formed OCC fibers / polymer composites. A combination of 12 treatments of OCC fibers and coupling agents for air-forming were investigated. Physical and mechanical properties of the sample were ...
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This study investigated the effects of production variables on physical and strength properties of air-formed OCC fibers / polymer composites. A combination of 12 treatments of OCC fibers and coupling agents for air-forming were investigated. Physical and mechanical properties of the sample were analyzed using factorial experimental design with completely randomized and DMRT test is used to classified the averages. The results of this study showed that addition of 70% OCC fibers to the polymers in air forming resulted in composites with higher strengths and modulus of rupture and 55% OCC fibers increased internal bonding, tensile strength and modulus, and lowered thickness swelling. Thickness swelling after 2 h water-soak and mechanical properties were improved by addition 2 and 4 % coupling agent
Composite wood products
Abolfazl Kargarfard; Kazem Doost hosseini; Amir Nourbakhsh
Abstract
The application of regressions models for pridicting physical and mechanical properties of laboratory produced particleboard was studies. In order to study the influence of mat moisture content gradient, particle geometry, press time and temperature, 108 boards were produced.
Regressions model indicated ...
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The application of regressions models for pridicting physical and mechanical properties of laboratory produced particleboard was studies. In order to study the influence of mat moisture content gradient, particle geometry, press time and temperature, 108 boards were produced.
Regressions model indicated that particle geometry significantly influenced board MOR, increasing the slender ratio of particles, improved MOR. Regressions models of MOE indicated that both particle geometry and mat moisture content gradient significantly influenced board MOE, and increasing the slender ratio of particles and mat moisture content gradient, increased MOE. regression model of IB indicated that all of the variables have significantly affected IB. However, in this case, increasing mat moisture content gradient, particle geometry reduced IB and press time and temperature increased IB, moisture content gradient and particle geometry had more effective.
The results indicated that moisture content gradient and press time significantly influenced the regression model of thickness swelling after 24 hours soaking in cold water.
Composite wood products
Ali Akrami; Kazem ِDossthoseini; Ahmad Jahan latibari; Mohammad mehdi Faezipoor
Abstract
In this investigation, the effect of paraffin content and press time and temperature on practical properties especially surface roughness of particleboard is studied. The variables such as paraffin content at 0, 1& 2 percent, press temperature at 170° and 180° C and press time of 4 and 5 ...
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In this investigation, the effect of paraffin content and press time and temperature on practical properties especially surface roughness of particleboard is studied. The variables such as paraffin content at 0, 1& 2 percent, press temperature at 170° and 180° C and press time of 4 and 5 minutes were investigated.
Modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, shear strength, water absorption and thickness swelling after 2& 24 hours soaking in water & surface roughness were measured.
The results indicate that there is no significant difference on the influence of paraffin content on either MOR & MOE of the particleboard. But increasing paraffin content decreased shear strength of panels.
However, addition of paraffin reduced water absorption and thickness swelling.
Press temperature had no significant influence on measured properties, but this variables increased surface roughness. Increasing press time, improved MOE, but showed no significant influence on other properties.
Aliakbar Ramtin; Behnaz Dadkhahi tehrani; Kazemi Dossthoseini
Abstract
In this study, effects of press temperature and press time on the physical and mechanical properties on the OSB has made from Aspen were investigated. Two levels of press temperature 175ºC and 185ºC and two levels of press time 5 min and 6 min were applied as variables for manufacturing boards. ...
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In this study, effects of press temperature and press time on the physical and mechanical properties on the OSB has made from Aspen were investigated. Two levels of press temperature 175ºC and 185ºC and two levels of press time 5 min and 6 min were applied as variables for manufacturing boards. Mechanical and physical properties such as bending strength, internal bond, water absorption and thickness swelling were measured. results showed that, increase in press temperature and press time causes significant increase on bending strength, internal bond, water absorption and thickness swelling. The best boards were made of press temperature of 185ºC and press time 5 minutes.
