Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Publication Ethics

Indexing and Abstracting

Related Links

FAQ

Peer Review Process

Journal Metrics

News

The effect of glide plasma with methane gas on the hydrophobicity of poplar wood surface

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD student in wood science and technology, University of Tehran, I. R. Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of physics, University of Tehran, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of wood and paper science and technology, Faculty of Natural resources, University of Tehran.

Abstract

The plasma has different effects on the surface wettability of wood, depending on the treatment conditions and the type of gas used. The hdrocarbon gases usually destroy hydrophilic groups on the surface of wood and cause hydrophobicity by creating microscopic rough structures. In this study, glide plasma treatment with methane was used to hydrophilize the surface of the wood and create weathering resistanc. The poplar wood (Populus deltoides) were exposed to glide plasma under various laboratory conditions such as time of exposure, voltage, frequency, distance between electrodes as well as flow of inlet gas and outlet gas with methane inside a reactor. Then the surface properties of wood were studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM), measurement of water drop contact angle, ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy, roughness survey, and colorimetry. The specimens were then subjected to the accelerated weathering using the Gardner weathering wheel and their properties were checked again. The SEM images showed that the plasma creates a warty layer on the surface of the wood which could be due to the deposition of new materials or the physical effects of plasma (surface etching). The plasma treatment significantly increased the contact angle of the water droplet on the surface of the treated samples. The treated samples had a higher surface roughness than the control samples. The surface of treated samples was generally darker than the control. After exposure to the accelerated weathering, the effect of treatments on surface hydrophobicity was largely lost. The treated samples had less roughness changes than the control after exposure to the weathering, and also their dark color changed to silver-gray. The use of glide plasma with methane gas showed the great potential for creating hydrophobic surfaces on the wood, but it did not last long and lost its effectiveness due to weathering.

Highlights

 

Keywords

 

References
-Acda, M.N., Devera, E.E., Cabangon, R.J. and Ramos, H.J. 2012. Effects of plasma modification on adhesion properties of wood. International J. of Adhesion and Adhesives. 32: 70-75.
-Altgen, D., Bellmann, M., Wascher, R., Viöl, W. and Mai, C. 2015. Enhancing mechanical properties of particleboards using plasma treated wood particles. European J. of wood and wood products. 73: 2. 219-223.
-Avramidis, G., Klarhöfer, L., Maus-Friedrichs, W., Militz, H. and Viöl, W. 2012. Influence of air plasma treatment at atmospheric pressure on wood extractives. Polymer degradation and stability. 97: 3. 469-471.
-Aydin, I. and Demirkir, C. 2010. Activation of spruce wood surfaces by plasma treatment after long terms of natural surface inactivation. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing. 30: 5. 697-706.
-Becker, K. H. and Belkind, A. 2003. Introduction to plasmas. Vac Technol Coat 5: 31-36.
-BS EN 927-6:2006 Paints and varnishes. Coating materials and coating systems for exterior wood. Exposure of wood coatings to artificial weathering using fluorescent UV lamps and water.
-Carrillo, F., Colom, X., Sunol, J.J. and Saurina, J. 2004. Structural FTIR analysis and thermal characterisation of lyocell and viscose-type fibres. European Polymer J. 40: 9. 2229-2234.
-Clausen, C.A., Kartal, S.N., Arango, R.A. and Green, F., 2011. The role of particle size of particulate nano-zinc oxide wood preservatives on termite mortality and leach resistance. Nanoscale research letters. 6: 1. 427.
-de Cademartori, P.H.G., S. Junior, L.R., Blanchet, P., Magalhães, W.L. and de Muniz, G.I. B. 2018. The Use of Low-pressure Plasma on Enhancing the Attachment of Al2O3 Nanoparticles to Wood–Plastic Composites. J. of Wood Chemistry and Technology. 38: 2. 71-83.
-de Cademartori, P.H.G., Stafford, L., Blanchet, P., Magalhães, W.L.E. and de Muniz, G.I.B. 2017. Enhancing the water repellency of wood surfaces by atmospheric pressure cold plasma deposition of fluorocarbon film. RSC Advances. 7: 46. 29159-29169.
-Demirkir, C., Aydin, I., Colak, S. and Çolakoğlu, G. 2014. Effects of plasma treatment and sanding process on surface roughness of wood veneers. Turkish J. of Agriculture and Forestry. 38: 5. 663-667.
-Denes, A.R. and Young, R.A. 1999. Reduction of weathering degradation of wood through plasma-polymer coating. Holzforschung. 53: 6. 632–640.
-Feist, W.C. 1990. Outdoor wood weathering and protection. Outdoor wood weathering and protection. 225: 263-298.
-Freeman, M.H., Shupe, T.F., Vlosky, R.P. and Barnes, H.M. 2003. Past, present, and future of the wood preservation industry. Forest Products. J. 53: 10. 8–15.
-Gascón-Garrido, P., Mainusch, N., Militz, H., Viöl, W. and Mai, C. 2016. Effects of copper-plasma deposition on weathering properties of wood surfaces. Applied Surface Science. 366: 112-119.
-Gascón-Garrido, P., Thévenon, M.F., Mainusch, N., Militz, H., Viöl, W. and Mai, C. 2017. Siloxane-treated and copper-plasma-coated wood: Resistance to the blue stain fungus Aureobasidium pullulans and the termite Reticulitermes flavipes. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation. 120: 84-90.
-Huang, X., Kocaefe, D., Kocaefe, Y., Boluk, Y. and Krause, C. 2013. Structural analysis of heat-treated birch (Betula papyrifera) surface during artificial weathering. Applied Surface Science. 264: 117-127.
-Kim, M.M., Kim, H.S. and Lim, J.Y. 2013. A study on the effect of plasma treatment for waste wood biocomposites. J. of Nanomaterials. 2013: 1-6.
-Lionetto F., Del Sole R., Cannoletta D., Vasapollo G. and Maffezzoli, A. 2012. Monitoring wood degradation during weathering by cellulose crystallinity. Materials. 5: 10. 1910-1922.
-Luna, M. L., Murace, M. A., Robledo, G. L. and Saparrat, M. C. 2012. Characterization of Schinopsis haenkeana wood decayed by Phellinus chaquensis (Basidiomycota, Hymenochaetales). IAWA J. 33:1.91-104.
-Mirshokraie S.A., Larie J., Mostaghni F. and Abdulkhani, A., 2014. Analysis of photodegraded lignin and lignin model compounds by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Iranian J. of Wood and Paper Science Research. 29: 3. 343-353.
-Moghaddam, M.S., Heydari, G., Tuominen, M., Fielden, M., Haapanen, J., Mäkelä, J.M., Wålinder, M.E., Claesson, P.M. and Swerin, A., 2016. Hydrophobisation of wood surfaces by combining liquid flame spray (LFS) and plasma treatment: dynamic wetting properties. Holzforschung. 70: 6. 527-537.
-Owen, N. L. and Thomas, D. W. 1989. Infrared studies of “hard” and “soft” woods. Applied spectroscopy, 43: 3. 451-455.
-Pabeliña, K. G., Lumban, C. O. and Ramos, H. J., 2012. Plasma impregnation of wood with fire retardants. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. 272: 1. 365-369.
-Pandey, K. K. and Pitman, A. J. 2003. FTIR studies of the changes in wood chemistry following decay by brown-rot and white-rot fungi. International biodeterioration & biodegradation. 52: 3. 151-160.
-Poaty, B., Riedl, B., Blanchet, P., Blanchard, V. and Stafford, L. 2013. Improved water repellency of black spruce wood surfaces after treatment in carbon tetrafluoride plasmas. Wood science and technology. 47: 2. 411-422.
-Podgorski, L., Bousta, C., Schambourg, F., Maguin, J. and Chevet, B., 2002. Solid softwood coated with plasma-polymer for water repellence. Surface and Coatings Technology, 155: 1. 11-15.
-Rehn, P., Wolkenhauer, A., Bente, M., Förster, S. and Viöl, W. 2003. Wood surface modification in dielectric barrier discharges at atmospheric pressure. Surface and Coatings Technology. 174: 515-518.
-Reinprecht, L. 2016. Wood deterioration, protection and maintenance. John Wiley & Sons. 376.
-Roux M. L. and Podgorski L., 2000. The advantages of having in the future a European accelerated weathering test for wood finishes. Surface coatings international. 83: 8. 399-403.
-Sarmadi, M. and Denes, F. 1996. Surface modification of polymers under cold plasma conditions. Tappi J. 79: 8. 189-204.
-Schwanninger, M., Rodrigues, J. C., Pereira, H. and Hinterstoisser, B. 2004. Effects of short-time vibratory ball milling on the shape of FT-IR spectra of wood and cellulose. Vibrational Spectroscopy. 36: 1. 23-40.
-Tuong, V. M. and Li, J. 2010. Effect of heat treatment on the change in color. BioResources. 5: 2. 1257-1267.
-Uehara, T. and Sakata, I. 1990. Effect of corona discharge treatment on cellulose prepared from beech wood. J. of applied polymer science. 4: 7-8. 1695-1706.
-Vander Wielen, L. C., Östenson, M., Gatenholm, P. and Ragauskas, A. J. 2006. Surface modification of cellulosic fibers using dielectric-barrier discharge. Carbohydrate polymers. 65: 2. 179-184.
[36] Wolkenhauer, A., Avramidis, G., Hauswald, E., Militz, H. and Viöl, W. 2009. Sanding vs. plasma treatment of aged wood: A comparison with respect to surface energy. International J. of Adhesion and Adhesives, 29: 1. 1. 18-22.
-Wolkenhauer, A., Avramidis, G., Militz, H. and Viöl, W. 2008. Plasma treatment of heat treated beech wood–investigation on surface free energy. Holzforschung, 62: 4. 472-474.
-Xing, D., Wang, S. and Li, J. 2015. Effect of artificial weathering on the properties of industrial-scale thermally modified wood. BioResources. 10: 4. 8238-8252.
-Zhang, J., Kamdem, D. P. and Temiz, A. 2009. Weathering of copper–amine treated wood. Applied Surface Science. 256: 3. 842-846.
-Zille, A., Oliveira, F. R. and Souto, A. P. 2015. Plasma Treatment in Textile Industry. Plasma processes and Polymers. 2: 12. 98–131.
Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Science Research
Volume 36, Issue 3 - Serial Number 76
August 2021
Pages 264-282
Files
History
  • Receive Date: 07 February 2021
  • Revise Date: 30 May 2021
  • Accept Date: 10 July 2021
Share
How to cite
Statistics