نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه علوم و تکنولوژی صنایع چوب، دانشکده مهندسی مواد و فناوری‌های نوین، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجائی، تهران، ایران

2 گروه علوم و تکنولوژی صنایع چوب، دانشکده مهندسی مواد و فناوری های نوین، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران

3 گروه علوم و تکنولوژی صنایع چوب، دانشکده مهندسی مواد و فناوری های نوین، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی تهران

چکیده

کاربرد گسترده چوب‌های اصلاح شیمیایی/گرمایی‌شده در مصارف بیرونی و محیط‌های با رطوبت نسبی و دمای بالا، اهمیت استفاده از مونومرهای فوق آب‌گریز را دوچندان نموده است. در بررسی اثر اصلاح با فلوئوروکربن به‌عنوان اتصال‌دهنده بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و ساختار شیمیایی چوب پالونیا، تیمارگرمایی در دو سطح دمایی 150 و 160 درجه سانتی‌گراد و اصلاح شیمیایی با فلوئوروکربن در دو سطح 15 و 25 درصد انجام شد. اصلاح شیمیایی/گرمایی سبب می‌شود که مونومر و سپس گرما به‌صورت یکنواخت به داخل چوب منتقل‌ شود و با ایجاد تغییر شیمیایی در ساختار چوب، آب‌دوستی آن را کم کند. برای اندازه‌گیری آزمون‌ها، نمونه‌ها به گروه‌های شاهد، شاهد گرمایی و فلوئوروکربن گرمایی تقسیم‌بندی شدند. تیمار فلوئوروکربن گرمایی سبب اصلاح گروه‌های هیدروکسیل و آب‌گریزی نمونه‌ها شد. طیف‌سنجی مادون قرمز حضور فلوئوروکربن و پیوند با بسپارهای چوب را تأیید کرد. واکنش‌دهی فلوئوروکربن به تغییر ساختار شیمیایی، افزایش وزن و حجیم‌شدگی نمونه‌ها انجامید. میزان جذب آب و واکشیدگی حجمی نمونه‌های فلوئوروکربن گرمایی در مقایسه با نمونه‌های شاهد و شاهدگرمایی کمتر بود. بهبود در کارایی آب‌گریزی و اثر ضد واکشیدگی نمونه‌های فلوئوروکربن گرمایی نسبت به شاهد گرمایی، ثبات ابعاد را افزایش داد و پوششی فوق آب‌گریز و مقاوم به آبشویی روی دیواره‌ها و داخل حفره‌های سلول چوب ایجاد نمود که علت این امر به نفوذ بیشتر فلوئوروکربن و کاهش تخلخل چوب نسبت داده‌شد.

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